How does the Constitution make sure each branch of government has its own powers and what is the name of it?
The Constitution establishes a system of government with a separation of powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. This separation of powers is often referred to as "checks and balances."
The Constitution provides specific powers and responsibilities to each branch, outlined in different articles.
1. Legislative Branch (Congress): The Constitution grants the legislative power to the Congress, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Congress has the power to make laws, levy taxes, regulate commerce, declare war, and more. Additionally, Congress has checks on the other branches, such as the power to impeach the president and confirm federal judges.
2. Executive Branch (President): The Constitution establishes the executive power in the President. The president is responsible for enforcing laws, serving as the commander-in-chief of the military, making treaties (with Senate approval), and appointing federal officials. However, the President's powers are checked by the requirement of Senate approval for appointments and treaties, and by Congress's power to impeach the president.
3. Judicial Branch (Supreme Court): The Constitution establishes the judicial power in the Supreme Court and other federal courts. The courts have the authority to interpret laws, decide on cases, and ensure the constitutionality of actions taken by the other branches. The Supreme Court's power is checked by the President's appointment of judges (with Senate approval) and Congress's power to create and regulate the federal courts.
The system of checks and balances ensures that no single branch becomes too powerful and helps maintain a system of accountability among the branches.