Gene expression is the process by which DNA information is used to synthesize proteins. After transcription, where a section of DNA is copied into a messenger RNA molecule (mRNA), the mRNA exits the nucleus and binds to a ribosome. The ribosome translates the mRNA sequence into a chain of amino acids, forming a polypeptide. This polypeptide then folds into a functional protein, which carries out various biological functions in the cell and organism.
