1.Write short notes on the general function of a computer and draw a neat diagram
2.Draw the top level of a computer system
3. Explain the two terms: catch HIT and catch MISS
4. State four differences between a RAM and ROM
1. The general function of a computer is to process and manipulate data and perform a variety of tasks. It consists of different components such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices, and storage. The CPU is considered the brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. Memory is used to store data and instructions that are currently being used by the CPU. Input and output devices allow users to interact with the computer and receive or provide information. Storage devices are used to store data for long-term use. Here is a diagram illustrating the components of a computer system:
```
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| Memory |
| |
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/\
||
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| CPU |
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/\
||
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| Input/Output Devices |
------------------------
/\
||
---------
| Storage |
---------
```
2. The top level of a computer system can be represented by the operating system. It is responsible for managing and coordinating all the activities and resources of a computer system. This includes managing the hardware, processes, memory, and storage. The operating system provides an interface for users to interact with the computer and run applications. It also ensures that different software programs run smoothly and efficiently.
3. Catch HIT refers to a situation in which the requested data is found in the cache memory, resulting in faster access time. When a CPU needs to access data, it first checks the cache memory, and if the data is present, it is considered a catch HIT. Catch MISS, on the other hand, occurs when the requested data is not found in the cache memory. In this case, the CPU needs to access data from the main memory or other levels of cache memory, resulting in longer access time.
4. RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory) are both types of computer memory, but they differ in terms of functionality and purpose. Here are four differences between RAM and ROM:
- Volatility: RAM is volatile memory, meaning its contents are lost when the power is turned off. ROM, on the other hand, is non-volatile memory, and its contents are retained even when the power is off.
- Read and Write Operations: RAM allows both read and write operations, making it suitable for storing data and executing programs. ROM, on the other hand, is generally read-only, meaning it can only be read and not written.
- Data Storage: RAM is used for temporary storage of data and program instructions that the computer is currently using. ROM, however, is used for permanent storage of important data like firmware and software that should not be modified.
- Accessibility: RAM is directly accessible by the CPU, allowing for faster data retrieval. ROM, on the other hand, is typically accessed by the CPU when the computer is starting up or during booting, as it contains essential instructions to initiate the computer system.
Overall, RAM provides temporary storage for data while the computer is running, and ROM provides permanent storage of critical instructions and data that are needed for the computer system to function properly.