Compare vulnerability scan to penetration test using example of the
following :
A. Procedure
Vulnerability Scan:
A vulnerability scan is an automated process that scans a system or network for known vulnerabilities. It identifies potential weaknesses that could be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access or disrupt the system's functionality.
Example Procedure:
1. The scanning tool is deployed on the target system or network.
2. The tool scans for known vulnerabilities by examining the system's configuration, software versions, and network protocols.
3. It generates a report that highlights the discovered vulnerabilities, including their severity and recommendations for mitigating them.
4. The report can then be used by system administrators or security teams to patch or upgrade software, change configurations, or apply other measures to address the identified vulnerabilities.
Penetration Test:
A penetration test, also known as an ethical hacking or a white hat hacking test, is a manual process conducted by skilled ethical hackers to identify security weaknesses and attempt to exploit them. The goal is to simulate real-world attacks and assess the system's ability to withstand them.
Example Procedure:
1. Scoping and planning: The penetration tester works with the organization to define the scope of the test, including the target systems, goals, and limitations.
2. Reconnaissance: The tester gathers information about the systems, such as network topology, IP addresses, and potential entry points.
3. Vulnerability assessment: Similar to a vulnerability scan, the tester examines the target systems for known vulnerabilities using various tools and techniques.
4. Exploitation: The tester attempts to exploit the identified vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access or escalate privileges. This may include using techniques such as password cracking, social engineering, or exploiting software flaws.
5. Analysis and reporting: The tester documents the findings, including successful and unsuccessful exploitation attempts, the impact of the vulnerabilities, and recommendations for mitigation.
6. Post-testing activities: The tester assists the organization in promptly addressing the identified vulnerabilities and recommends best practices to improve the system's security posture.
In summary, a vulnerability scan is an automated process that identifies known vulnerabilities, whereas a penetration test is a manual process that attempts to exploit vulnerabilities and assess the system's resilience to attacks. Both procedures serve important roles in assessing and improving the security of a system or network.