Which statement best describes energy release in cellular respiration? (1 point)
Responses
Stored chemical energy can be used immediately and is released in the cytoplasm.
Stored chemical energy can be used immediately and is released in the cytoplasm.
Stored chemical energy can be used immediately and is released in the mitochondria.
Stored chemical energy can be used immediately and is released in the mitochondria.
Stored chemical energy is broken down and released in the cytoplasm.
Stored chemical energy is broken down and released in the cytoplasm.
Stored chemical energy is broken down and released in the mitochondria.
Stored chemical energy is broken down and released in the mitochondria.
What is the equation for cellular respiration? (1 point)
Responses
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
glucose + oxygen + energy → carbon dioxide + water
glucose + oxygen + energy → carbon dioxide + water
carbon dioxide + energy → glucose + oxygen + water
carbon dioxide + energy → glucose + oxygen + water
carbon dioxide + water + energy → glucose + oxygen
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
The correct answer to the question is: "Stored chemical energy is broken down and released in the mitochondria."
To arrive at this answer, we need to understand the process of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process takes place in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules in the cytoplasm of the cell. This step releases a small amount of ATP and NADH, which is an electron carrier.
Next, the pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria, where the Krebs cycle takes place. In this cycle, the pyruvate is further broken down, releasing more ATP, NADH, and FADH2 (another electron carrier).
Finally, the ATP and electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) produced in the previous steps enter the electron transport chain, also located in the mitochondria. This is where the majority of ATP is produced. As the electrons from NADH and FADH2 pass through the electron transport chain, their energy is used to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This creates a proton gradient, which drives the synthesis of ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation.
From the explanation above, we can see that the stored chemical energy in the glucose molecules is broken down and released in the mitochondria through the processes of the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain. Therefore, the statement "Stored chemical energy is broken down and released in the mitochondria" is the correct answer.