Infarction
Infarction is the process of tissue death or damage that occurs when the blood supply to a particular area of the body is obstructed, resulting in insufficient oxygen and nutrients reaching the affected tissue. This blockage is usually caused by a blood clot or by the narrowing or blockage of a blood vessel due to atherosclerosis.
Different types of infarction can occur in various organs and tissues throughout the body. The most well-known example is myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack. It occurs when there is a blockage in the coronary arteries, cutting off the blood supply to the heart muscle and leading to tissue death.
Infarctions can also occur in the brain, resulting in a stroke. In this case, a blockage in a blood vessel prevents blood flow to a specific area of the brain, leading to the death of brain cells and potential neurological consequences.
Other organs, such as the lungs, kidneys, intestines, and limbs, can also experience infarction if their blood supply is compromised. The severity and long-term effects of infarction depend on factors such as the size and location of the affected area and the duration of the blood flow interruption.
Prompt medical intervention is essential in cases of infarction to restore blood flow and limit further tissue damage. Treatment may involve medications to dissolve blood clots, surgical interventions to restore blood flow, or interventions to manage any complications that may arise. Post-infarcation care usually includes rehabilitation and lifestyle changes to prevent future episodes.