Using the map to help, why did the ancient cities of harppa
and Mohenjo-daro develop where they did?
The ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro developed where they did due to several geographic factors:
1. Location along the Indus River: Both cities were situated along the banks of the Indus River, which provided a reliable water source for irrigation, agriculture, and trade. The river also served as a transportation route, facilitating the movement of goods and people.
2. Fertile alluvial plains: The Indus River flooded annually, depositing nutrient-rich silt on the surrounding plains. This fertile soil supported agricultural activities and allowed for the cultivation of crops like wheat, barley, and peas.
3. Geographic protection: The cities were located on slightly elevated mounds, providing protection against flooding and ensuring better drainage during monsoon seasons. This geographical advantage provided a safer and more stable environment for settlement.
4. Trade opportunities: The proximity to the Indus River allowed for easy access to trade routes and facilitated long-distance trade with regions like Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) and Central Asia. The river acted as a natural highway, facilitating the exchange of goods and cultural influences.
5. Accessibility to resources: The region around Harappa and Mohenjo-daro had access to valuable resources such as timber from nearby forests, minerals from the nearby mountains, and clay for pottery. These resources supported the development of craft industries and trade networks.
Overall, the strategic location of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro along the Indus River, coupled with the availability of resources and favorable agricultural conditions, played a crucial role in their development as flourishing ancient cities.