What is one difference between gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?(1 point)
Responses
Eukaryotes transcribe genes in response to environmental stimuli while prokaryotes transcribe genes randomly.
Eukaryotes transcribe genes in response to environmental stimuli while prokaryotes transcribe genes randomly.
All eukaryotes use operons to organize their genes while prokaryotes do not.
All eukaryotes use operons to organize their genes while prokaryotes do not.
Prokaryotes do not store their genes in a nucleus like eukaryotes do.
Prokaryotes do not store their genes in a nucleus like eukaryotes do.
Prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.
Prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.
Prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.
What would happen if a cell transcribed and translated a gene’s intron by mistake?(1 point)
Responses
The DNA would remain the same as before.
The DNA would remain the same as before.
Errors in the protein folding would be repaired.
Errors in the protein folding would be repaired.
Additional amino acids would be inserted into the chain.
Additional amino acids would be inserted into the chain.
The intron would begin to duplicate itself.
The intron would begin to duplicate itself.
In prokaryotic cells, repressor proteins bind to a section of DNA called a/an(1 point)
Responses
promoter.
promoter.
chromatin.
chromatin.
operator.
operator.
repressor.
operator.
The removal of sections of RNA, called introns, occur at which regulation step in eukaryotic cells?(1 point)
Responses
mRNA life span
mRNA life span
chromatin remodeling
chromatin remodeling
RNA processing
RNA processing
post-translation
RNA processing.
Hox genes are regulatory genes in multicellular animals that code for transcription factors that determine the basic body plan in a developing embryo. They act as switches that turn other genes on and off. Scientists have found that a mutation in a fruit fly hox gene produces flies with legs instead of antennae sticking out of their heads. Another hox gene mutation results in fruit flies with two pairs of wings instead of one pair. Hox genes affect body plans by controlling the expression of many other genes.
Many multicellular animals have the same hox genes. Which statement is evidence for this claim?
(1 point)
Responses
The body plans of complex animals typically have a large number of mutations.
The body plans of complex animals typically have a large number of mutations.
The body plans of complex animals are very similar to one another.
The body plans of complex animals are very similar to one another.
The body plans of complex animals change over generations.
The body plans of complex animals change over generations.
There is a wide variety of body plans in complex animals.
The body plans of complex animals are very similar to one another.
The correct answer is: Prokaryotes remove exons from mRNA before translation while eukaryotes translate the entire sequence of mRNA.
To understand this difference between gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, we need to understand the process of gene expression and the structures involved.
In eukaryotes, genes are composed of both coding regions called exons and non-coding regions called introns. During transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is transcribed into a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) molecule, which contains both exons and introns. After transcription, a process called RNA splicing takes place, during which the introns are removed and the exons are joined together to form a mature messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This mature mRNA molecule is then translated into a protein during the process of translation.
On the other hand, prokaryotes lack introns in their genes. In prokaryotes, the transcription of genes directly produces mature mRNA molecules without the need for splicing. Therefore, there is no requirement for removing introns in prokaryotes before translation.
This difference in gene regulation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes highlights the more complex and regulated nature of gene expression in eukaryotes, where the process of splicing allows for the generation of multiple protein isoforms from a single gene by alternative mRNA splicing. In prokaryotes, however, gene expression is more straightforward, as the transcribed mRNA can be directly translated into a protein without the need for additional processing steps.