What do the tools such as bits, reins, halters, knives, and whips symbolize in the story?

the weapons Russians used to overthrow the tsar
the excesses that the tsar’s ruling class enjoyed
the tools the tsar used to torture those who rebelled
the oppression of the working class under the tsar

Based on the information provided, the tools such as bits, reins, halters, knives, and whips in the story symbolize the oppression of the working class under the tsar. These tools are associated with controlling and punishing the working class, suggesting their mistreatment and exploitation in the hierarchical societal structure.