Perinatal causes of disabilities occur...
during pregnancy, childbirth, or shortly after birth. These causes can include:
- Genetic disorders: Certain genetic factors or chromosomal abnormalities can lead to disabilities in the fetus. These can include conditions like Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, or other genetic disorders.
- Infections: Infections during pregnancy can affect the developing fetus and result in disabilities. Examples include rubella (German measles), cytomegalovirus (CMV), toxoplasmosis, or Zika virus.
- Drug or alcohol use: Substance abuse during pregnancy, such as alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs, can harm the developing fetus and lead to disabilities.
- Lack of oxygen: If the fetus or newborn does not receive enough oxygen during pregnancy or birth, it can result in disabilities like cerebral palsy or intellectual disabilities.
- Premature birth: Babies born prematurely (before 37 weeks of gestation) are more at risk for developing disabilities due to incomplete development of their organs and systems.
- Birth trauma: Difficult or traumatic births can result in physical injuries that can lead to disabilities, such as brachial palsy or spinal cord injuries.
- Maternal health conditions: Certain maternal health conditions can increase the risk of disabilities in the newborn. These can include gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, or maternal infections.
It is important to note that not all perinatal causes of disabilities are preventable, but proper prenatal care, avoiding risky behaviors during pregnancy, and early detection and management of health conditions can help reduce the risks.