Briefly explain how the blood sugar level is regulated
The blood sugar level is regulated through a complex process involving multiple organs and hormones. When the blood sugar level is high, such as after a meal, the pancreas releases insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin helps the body's cells absorb glucose from the blood, which lowers the blood sugar level. Excess glucose is stored in the liver and muscle cells as glycogen for later use.
On the other hand, when the blood sugar level is low, the pancreas releases another hormone called glucagon. Glucagon triggers the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose, releasing it into the bloodstream. This raises the blood sugar level.
Additionally, the adrenal glands release hormones such as cortisol and epinephrine, which work to increase blood sugar levels in times of stress or fasting.
Overall, this regulatory system ensures that the blood sugar level remains within a narrow range, keeping the body functioning properly.