The Portuguese expanded into the Indian Ocean primarily for economic reasons. They sought to establish direct trade routes with Asia in order to bypass the intermediaries, mainly Arab and Italian merchants, who controlled the lucrative spice trade. Additionally, the Portuguese aimed to gain access to the profitable trade in luxury goods, such as textiles, pearls, and gemstones. They also sought to establish colonies and acquire territories to gain control over valuable resources, such as spices, gold, and precious metals. Finally, there was a desire for glory and prestige, as the exploration and conquest of new territories brought fame and recognition to the Portuguese crown.
