Anaphylactic shock

Anaphylactic shock, also known as anaphylaxis, is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. It occurs when the body has an extreme immune response to an allergen, which could be a specific food, medication, insect sting, or substance such as latex.

During an allergic reaction, the immune system releases chemicals such as histamine, which can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure and narrowing of the airways. This leads to symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat or tongue, hives or flushes, rapid heartbeat, dizziness or fainting, nausea or vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Anaphylactic shock is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment, as it can be fatal if not treated promptly. The first line of treatment is usually the administration of epinephrine (adrenaline) through an auto-injector, which helps to reverse the severe symptoms. Other treatments may include antihistamines, corticosteroids, and intravenous fluids.

Prevention of anaphylactic shock involves avoiding known triggers and carrying an epinephrine auto-injector if a person has a known severe allergy. It is essential for individuals with severe allergies to be aware of their triggers, educate themselves on the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis, and seek medical attention if they experience an allergic reaction.