What are the effects of cystic fibrosis?
options:
circulatory and cardiovascular diseases
respiratory and digestive issues
absence of pigment
skin disorders
The effects of cystic fibrosis primarily involve respiratory and digestive issues. This genetic disorder affects the production and function of a protein called cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), leading to the buildup of thick, sticky mucus in various organs.
Respiratory effects: The thick mucus can obstruct the airways, making breathing difficult and leading to frequent lung infections, such as pneumonia and bronchitis. Over time, this can cause chronic lung damage and decreased lung function.
Digestive effects: The mucus can also block the ducts in the pancreas, preventing the release of digestive enzymes. This results in poor nutrient absorption and malnutrition. Cystic fibrosis can also lead to liver disease and gallstones.
Additionally, people with cystic fibrosis may experience other effects such as infertility in males (due to obstruction of the sperm ducts), delayed growth and development, osteoporosis, diabetes, and increased sweat salt levels (which can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances).
Cystic fibrosis does not cause absence of pigment (albinism) or skin disorders as a direct effect.
The effects of cystic fibrosis are predominantly related to the respiratory and digestive systems. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that affects the production of mucus, sweat, and digestive juices. These secretions become abnormally thick and sticky, causing various complications. Some of the effects specific to cystic fibrosis include:
1. Respiratory Issues: Thick and sticky mucus tends to accumulate in the lungs, obstructing the airways and making it difficult to breathe. This often leads to frequent and recurring lung infections, persistent coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and reduced lung function over time.
2. Digestive Issues: The thickened mucus also affects the digestive system, particularly the pancreas. It can hinder the release of digestive enzymes necessary for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients. As a result, individuals with cystic fibrosis may experience poor weight gain, nutritional deficiencies, greasy and foul-smelling stools, and an increased risk of developing intestinal blockages.
Regarding the options you provided:
- Circulatory and cardiovascular diseases are not typically associated with cystic fibrosis.
- Cystic fibrosis does not directly cause the absence of pigment in the skin (which refers to conditions like albinism).
- While some individuals with cystic fibrosis may experience skin disorders due to the abnormal sweat gland function, it is not one of the main effects of the condition.
To learn more about cystic fibrosis and its effects, you can consult trusted medical websites, research articles, or consult with healthcare professionals who specialize in cystic fibrosis.