In an essay of 300 to 500 words, analyze the language of each text—figurative as well as literal—and evaluate the ways in which it signals the historical and cultural surroundings of the author. Cite specific evidence from the texts to support your analysis. Adhere to conventional rules for the placement and format of your citations. Organize your essay clearly, and follow the rules of English grammar and punctuation. Be sure your paper is double spaced and uses a standard size 12 font. You can use the following thesis statement and outline for your essay. Thesis Statement: The stories "The Walrus and the Carpenter" by Lewis Carroll and "The Cop and the Anthem" by O. Henry were written during exciting times in history, and their writings were influenced by the changes happening around them. Lewis Carroll's story reflects the exciting advancements in Victorian England, while O. Henry's tale captures the fast-paced growth of New York City in the early 1900s. Outline: I. Introduction A. Introduce the two authors, Lewis Carroll and O. Henry, and talk about why they are important writers. B. Tell the main idea of the essay, which is how their stories are connected to the historical and cultural times they lived in. II. Historical and Cultural Context of Lewis Carroll A. Explain what Victorian England was like during the time of Queen Victoria's reign. B. Talk about the cool new inventions and ideas that were happening in England when Carroll wrote his story. C. Show how these changes in society might have influenced how Carroll wrote his story. III. Analysis of "The Walrus and the Carpenter" A. Summarize what happens in the poem and who the characters are. B. Talk about the parts of the poem that show the cool new things and changes in England at that time. C. Explain how Carroll used his observations of his time to make his poem special. IV. Historical and Cultural Context of O. Henry A. Describe what life was like in New York City at the beginning of the 1900s. B. Discuss the big changes and fast growth that were happening in the city during O. Henry's time. C. Show how these things happening in the city might have influenced O. Henry's way of telling stories. V. Analysis of "The Cop and the Anthem" A. Summarize what happens in the short story and who the characters are. B. Talk about the parts of the story that show what New York City was like and how it was changing. C. Explain how O. Henry's own experiences of his time are shown in his storytelling. VI. Comparison of Themes and Styles A. Talk about the main ideas that both stories explore and how they connect to their historical and cultural times. B. Show how Lewis Carroll and O. Henry had different ways of telling their stories because of the times they lived in. VII. Conclusion A. Recap the important points about the historical and cultural times of Lewis Carroll and O. Henry. B. Remind the readers how these times influenced their stories. C. Finish with thoughts about how the stories can still teach us things today and why they are important parts of literature.

Title: The Language and Cultural Significance in "The Walrus and the Carpenter" by Lewis Carroll and "The Cop and the Anthem" by O. Henry

Introduction:
- Introduce Lewis Carroll and O. Henry as important writers.
- Highlight the main idea of the essay, focusing on the connection between their stories and the historical and cultural contexts they lived in.

I. Historical and Cultural Context of Lewis Carroll:
- Discuss the characteristics of Victorian England during Queen Victoria's reign.
- Highlight the innovative inventions and ideas that emerged during Carroll's time.
- Explore how these societal changes could have influenced Carroll's writing.

II. Analysis of "The Walrus and the Carpenter":
- Summarize the plot and introduce the characters in the poem.
- Examine sections of the poem that reflect the advancements and changes occurring in England.
- Analyze how Carroll utilized his observations of the time to add depth and significance to his poem.

III. Historical and Cultural Context of O. Henry:
- Describe life in early 1900s New York City.
- Discuss the rapid growth and substantial changes taking place in the city during O. Henry's era.
- Explore how these developments in the city influenced O. Henry's storytelling style.

IV. Analysis of "The Cop and the Anthem":
- Summarize the plot and introduce the characters in the short story.
- Analyze segments that portray the characteristics of New York City and its evolving nature.
- Explain how O. Henry's personal experiences during that time are reflected in his storytelling technique.

V. Comparison of Themes and Styles:
- Discuss the main ideas explored in both stories and their connection to their respective historical and cultural contexts.
- Emphasize the distinctive narrative styles of Lewis Carroll and O. Henry, influenced by the times they lived in.

VI. Conclusion:
- Recapitulate key points regarding the historical and cultural influences on Lewis Carroll and O. Henry.
- Reiterate the significance of these influences on their stories.
- Reflect on the enduring value of the stories, emphasizing their capacity to offer timeless insights and their importance in the realm of literature.

Introduction:

- Introduce Lewis Carroll and O. Henry as important writers
- Explain that the essay will analyze how their stories reflect their historical and cultural surroundings

Historical and Cultural Context of Lewis Carroll:
- Describe Victorian England during Queen Victoria's reign
- Discuss the advancements and ideas happening in England at the time
- Explore how these changes may have influenced Carroll's writing

Analysis of "The Walrus and the Carpenter":
- Summarize the story and introduce the characters
- Discuss parts of the poem that reflect the new things and changes in England
- Explain how Carroll used his observations to make the poem special

Historical and Cultural Context of O. Henry:
- Describe life in New York City at the beginning of the 1900s
- Discuss the big changes and fast growth happening in the city
- Explore how these changes may have influenced O. Henry's storytelling style

Analysis of "The Cop and the Anthem":
- Summarize the story and introduce the characters
- Talk about parts of the story that reflect New York City in the early 1900s
- Explain how O. Henry's own experiences are shown in his storytelling

Comparison of Themes and Styles:
- Discuss the main ideas in both stories and how they connect to their historical and cultural times
- Highlight the different ways in which Carroll and O. Henry tell their stories due to the times they lived in

Conclusion:
- Recap the historical and cultural contexts of Lewis Carroll and O. Henry
- Remind readers of how these contexts influenced their stories
- Discuss the continuing relevance and importance of these stories in literature.

To write an essay analyzing the language of each text and evaluating how it reflects the historical and cultural surroundings of the authors, follow the guidelines provided in your assignment. Here's a step-by-step breakdown of how to approach each section:

I. Introduction
- Begin by introducing the two authors, Lewis Carroll and O. Henry, and explain their significance as writers.
- Clearly state the main idea of your essay, which is examining how their stories are connected to the historical and cultural context in which they lived.

II. Historical and Cultural Context of Lewis Carroll
- Describe the main characteristics of Victorian England during Queen Victoria's reign, including social, political, and technological developments.
- Highlight the significant advancements and ideas that were taking place in England during the time Carroll wrote his story.
- Discuss how these societal changes might have influenced Carroll's writing style and the language he used.

III. Analysis of "The Walrus and the Carpenter"
- Summarize the content and characters of the poem, providing an overview of the storyline.
- Identify specific parts of the poem that demonstrate the new advancements and changes happening in England at the time.
- Explain how Carroll employed his observations of the era to make his poem unique and reflective of the historical context.

IV. Historical and Cultural Context of O. Henry
- Describe the life and environment in New York City during the early 1900s, focusing on the key aspects of the historical and cultural setting.
- Discuss the rapid growth and significant changes occurring in the city at the time when O. Henry was writing.
- Show how these urban transformations influenced O. Henry's storytelling and the language he utilized.

V. Analysis of "The Cop and the Anthem"
- Provide a summary of the short story's plot and introduce its characters.
- Analyze the parts of the story that depict what New York City was like and how it was evolving during that period.
- Elaborate on how O. Henry's personal experiences and observations of the time are reflected in his storytelling style and language.

VI. Comparison of Themes and Styles
- Discuss the main ideas explored in both stories and illustrate their connections to the historical and cultural contexts in which they were written.
- Highlight the distinct ways in which Lewis Carroll and O. Henry portrayed their stories due to the differing times they lived in.

VII. Conclusion
- Summarize the key points regarding the historical and cultural contexts of Lewis Carroll and O. Henry.
- Reinforce the impact of these contexts on their respective stories.
- Conclude by emphasizing the enduring relevance and significance of the stories in teaching us valuable lessons today and why they hold a vital place in literature.

Remember to adhere to the requirements outlined in your essay prompt, such as maintaining double spacing and using a standard size 12 font. Additionally, ensure that your essay adheres to the conventional rules of English grammar and punctuation and follows the proper placement and format for citation. Good luck with your essay!