Which of the following shows how a 3-D model of glucose differ from the formula model?
A 3-D model shows the number of each type of atom, but the formula model does not.
3-D model shows how the different atoms are arranged but the formula model does not.
Formula model shows size is a glucose molecule. The 3-D model does not.
A formula model shows which atoms are larger, but the 3-D model does not.
A 3-D model shows how the different atoms are arranged but the formula model does not.
The correct answer is: A 3-D model shows how the different atoms are arranged but the formula model does not.
To understand why this is the correct answer, let's break down the options and evaluate them one by one:
1. A 3-D model shows the number of each type of atom, but the formula model does not.
While a 3-D model can indeed show the number of each type of atom, the formula model also indicates this information through the chemical formula. For example, the formula model of glucose (C6H12O6) clearly shows that there are 6 carbon (C) atoms, 12 hydrogen (H) atoms, and 6 oxygen (O) atoms. Therefore, this statement is not the correct answer.
2. 3-D model shows how the different atoms are arranged but the formula model does not.
This statement is correct. A 3-D model of glucose will illustrate the spatial arrangement and connectivity of the atoms in the molecule. This includes how the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms are bonded to each other. In contrast, the formula model only represents the elemental composition of the glucose molecule, specifying the types and numbers of atoms, but not their spatial arrangement.
3. A formula model shows the size of a glucose molecule, but the 3-D model does not.
This statement is incorrect. The formula model of glucose does not provide information about the size of the molecule. The chemical formula (C6H12O6) only indicates the number and types of atoms, not the physical dimensions or size of the molecule. On the other hand, a 3-D model can give an idea of the size and shape of the glucose molecule by displaying the spatial arrangement of the atoms.
4. A formula model shows which atoms are larger, but the 3-D model does not.
This statement is incorrect. The formula model of glucose does not indicate the relative sizes of the atoms. The chemical formula only specifies the identity and quantity of the atoms present. A 3-D model, however, can provide insights into the relative sizes of the atoms by showing their positions and spatial relationships.
Therefore, option 2 - "3-D model shows how the different atoms are arranged but the formula model does not" - correctly describes the difference between a 3-D model and a formula model of glucose.