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What principle lies behind the 9th Amendment, which states that the Bill of Rights is not a complete list of citizens' rights?

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Natural rights exist independently of government.
Natural rights exist independently of government.

All people must be given equal rights under the law.
All people must be given equal rights under the law.

The government must always err on the side of individual rights.
The government must always err on the side of individual rights.

States have the ultimate responsibility of protecting citizens’ rights.

Natural rights exist independently of government.

The principle that lies behind the 9th Amendment is that natural rights exist independently of government.

The principle that lies behind the 9th Amendment is that natural rights exist independently of the government. In other words, the rights that individuals possess are not created or granted by the government, but are inherent to their existence as human beings. The 9th Amendment emphasizes that the Bill of Rights is not an exhaustive list of all the rights that people have, and that there are other rights that are not specifically mentioned but are still protected. This means that the government should not infringe upon or deny these unenumerated rights just because they are not explicitly stated in the Constitution. The 9th Amendment serves as a reminder that the government's power is limited and that individual rights should be respected and upheld.