In which type of reproduction do offspring form on the surface of the parent?

fragmentation
fragmentation

binary fission
binary fission

budding
budding

vegetative reproduction
vegetative reproduction

budding

The type of reproduction where offspring form on the surface of the parent is called budding.

The type of reproduction where offspring form on the surface of the parent is called budding. To arrive at this answer, we can eliminate the options that do not fit the description and then choose the correct one.

Fragmentation is a form of reproduction where an organism breaks into pieces, and each piece can regenerate into a new individual. This does not involve offspring forming on the surface of the parent but rather the parent organism breaking apart. Therefore, fragmentation is not the correct answer.

Binary fission is a form of reproduction where a parent organism divides into two equal-sized daughter cells. While this process does not involve offspring forming on the surface of the parent, it does result in new individuals being produced. So, let's keep this option for now.

Budding is a form of reproduction where a small outgrowth or bud forms on the parent organism, grows, and eventually detaches to become a separate individual. In this process, the offspring are physically attached or formed on the surface of the parent, making budding a suitable answer.

Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction found in plants where new individuals are formed from specialized vegetative structures like stems, roots, or leaves. While this process does not involve offspring forming on the surface of the parent organism, it does result in new individuals being produced. So, let's keep this option for now.

After considering these options, we find that the correct answer is budding, where offspring form on the surface of the parent.