Determine if the factors listed below will increase or decrease the rate of a chemical reaction.
Column A
1.
Decrease the temperature:
Decrease the temperature
2.
Add a catalyst:
Add a catalyst
3.
Decrease the concentration of reactants:
Decrease the concentration of reactants
4.
Crush a solid reactant into a powder:
Crush a solid reactant into a powder
Column B
a.Increase the reaction rate
b.Decrease the reaction rate
Column A
1. Decrease the temperature: b. Decrease the reaction rate
2. Add a catalyst: a. Increase the reaction rate
3. Decrease the concentration of reactants: b. Decrease the reaction rate
4. Crush a solid reactant into a powder: a. Increase the reaction rate
1. Decrease the temperature: b. Decrease the reaction rate. Lowering the temperature reduces the kinetic energy of the particles, leading to fewer collisions and a slower reaction rate.
2. Add a catalyst: a. Increase the reaction rate. A catalyst provides an alternate reaction pathway with lower activation energy, allowing the reaction to proceed faster.
3. Decrease the concentration of reactants: b. Decrease the reaction rate. A lower concentration means fewer particles available for collision, resulting in a slower reaction rate.
4. Crush a solid reactant into a powder: a. Increase the reaction rate. By increasing the surface area of the solid reactant, more particles are exposed, leading to more frequent collisions and a faster reaction rate.
To determine if the factors listed in column A will increase or decrease the rate of a chemical reaction, we need to understand the impact of each factor on the reaction.
1. Decrease the temperature:
Decreasing the temperature typically decreases the rate of a chemical reaction. This is because lower temperatures result in slower molecular movement and fewer collisions between reactant molecules.
2. Add a catalyst:
Adding a catalyst typically increases the rate of a chemical reaction. Catalysts speed up reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. They do not get consumed in the reaction and can be reused.
3. Decrease the concentration of reactants:
Decreasing the concentration of reactants typically decreases the rate of a chemical reaction. This is because a lower concentration of reactant molecules leads to fewer collisions, resulting in a slower reaction.
4. Crush a solid reactant into a powder:
Crushing a solid reactant into a powder typically increases the rate of a chemical reaction. By increasing the surface area of the solid reactant, more reactant particles are exposed to the other reactants, leading to more frequent collisions and a faster reaction.
Now, let's match the factors in column A with the corresponding effect on the reaction rate in column B:
1. Decrease the temperature: b. Decrease the reaction rate
2. Add a catalyst: a. Increase the reaction rate
3. Decrease the concentration of reactants: b. Decrease the reaction rate
4. Crush a solid reactant into a powder: a. Increase the reaction rate