Hydrogen selenide (H2Se) reacts with water according to the following equation.
H2Se + H2O → SeH– + H3O+
In three to five sentences, identify the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in this reaction. Use patterns in the periodic table to explain why the substances you identified acted as the acid and the base in this reaction
In this reaction, the acid is H2Se (hydrogen selenide) as it donates a proton to water. The base is H2O (water) as it accepts the proton from H2Se. The conjugate acid is SeH- (selenide ion) as it is formed when H2Se donates a proton. The conjugate base is H3O+ (hydronium ion) as it is formed when water accepts the proton. H2Se acts as the acid due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and selenium, with selenium being more electronegative and thus favoring the release of a proton. Conversely, water acts as the base due to its ability to accept a proton.
Describe how you could adjust the settings of the simulation to increase the number of red (H3O+) and blue (A-) particles in the solution of equilibrium. In three to four sentences, justify your answer and explain how and why this would change the pH of the solution.
To increase the number of red (H3O+) and blue (A-) particles in the solution of equilibrium, the settings of the simulation can be adjusted by increasing the concentration of the acid (H2Se) and decreasing the concentration of the base (H2O). This is because the acid donates protons to form H3O+ ions, while the base accepts protons to form A- ions. By increasing the concentration of the acid, more H3O+ ions will be generated, and by decreasing the concentration of the base, there will be fewer H2O molecules available to accept protons, resulting in a higher concentration of H3O+ ions. This increase in H3O+ ions will lower the pH of the solution, as pH is a measure of the concentration of H3O+ ions in a solution.
What is Charles’s Law formula and relationship?
Charles's Law, also known as the law of volumes, states that the volume of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to its temperature, provided that pressure and amount of gas remain constant. The mathematical formula for Charles's Law is expressed as:
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Where:
V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes of the gas
T1 and T2 are the initial and final temperatures of the gas (in kelvin)
This relationship means that as the temperature of a gas increases, its volume will also increase, assuming pressure and amount of gas remain unchanged. Conversely, if the temperature decreases, the volume will decrease accordingly.
What is Combined Gas Law formula and relationship?
The Combined Gas Law combines Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law into a single equation. The formula for the Combined Gas Law is expressed as:
(P1 * V1)/T1 = (P2 * V2)/T2
Where:
P1 and P2 are the initial and final pressures of the gas
V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes of the gas
T1 and T2 are the initial and final temperatures of the gas (in kelvin)
The relationship described by the Combined Gas Law is that when pressure, volume, and temperature change in a gas sample, their initial and final values can be related to each other using this equation. It allows us to predict the final state of a gas sample if the initial values of pressure, volume, and temperature are known, or vice versa. This law essentially shows the correlation between pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas sample when they are not held constant.