Proteins are important molecules that are synthesized, transported, and used in cells in a multitude of ways. The rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus have parts to play in this system. These functions are ______, respectively.
Identify the answer choice that correctly fills in the blank in the above passage.
A. DNA making and DNA packaging
B. protein packaging and lipid production
C. protein making and protein packaging
D. DNA packaging and DNA storing
C. protein making and protein packaging
The correct answer is C. protein making and protein packaging.
In order to identify the correct answer choice that fills in the blank in the above passage, let's break down the functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus.
The rough ER is involved in protein synthesis. It has ribosomes attached to its surface, which play a crucial role in protein production. The rough ER helps in folding the synthesized proteins into their proper 3D structures and also aids in the initial modifications of these proteins.
The Golgi apparatus, on the other hand, is responsible for protein packaging and processing. It receives proteins from the rough ER and modifies them further by adding various biomolecules, such as carbohydrates (glycosylation), lipids, and phosphate groups. The Golgi apparatus then packages these modified proteins into vesicles for transportation to their final destinations within or outside the cell.
Now, let's analyze the answer choices:
A. DNA making and DNA packaging: This is incorrect because the functions mentioned do not relate to proteins, which are the focus of the passage.
B. Protein packaging and lipid production: This is incorrect because the rough ER is primarily involved in protein synthesis, not lipid production.
C. Protein making and protein packaging: This is the correct answer choice. The rough ER is responsible for protein synthesis, while the Golgi apparatus is responsible for protein packaging and processing.
D. DNA packaging and DNA storing: This is incorrect because the passage is specifically discussing proteins, not DNA.
Therefore, the correct answer is C. Protein making and protein packaging.