Nonprofit agencies re supported through all except

1.Membership fees
2. Fundraisers
3 Grants
4. Billing for services

4. Billing for services

Nonprofit agencies are supported through membership fees, fundraisers, grants, and billing for services. Therefore, the correct answer is None or All of the above.

To determine which option does not support nonprofit agencies, let's analyze each choice:

1. Membership fees: Nonprofit agencies can generate revenue through membership fees. Many organizations offer membership programs that provide benefits to individuals or groups who pay a fee to join. These fees help fund the organization's operations and activities.

2. Fundraisers: Fundraisers are a common method for nonprofit agencies to raise funds. Organizations often organize events or campaigns to attract donors and supporters, encouraging them to make monetary contributions to the cause.

3. Grants: Grants are a crucial source of funding for nonprofit agencies. Grants are financial awards provided by foundations, government entities, or other institutions to support specific projects or initiatives of an organization.

4. Billing for services: Nonprofit agencies can generate revenue by providing services and billing for them. These services may include educational programs, health services, consulting, or other offerings related to the nonprofit's mission.

Considering these options, the answer is: Nonprofit agencies are supported through all of the listed methods. Therefore, none of the options (1, 2, 3, or 4) is exempted or excluded from supporting nonprofit agencies.