Students are investigating energy transfer in the laboratory. The students use rubber bands and rulers for their investigation. They attach a rubber band to each ruler, pull the band back, and allow the band to launch from the ruler. The diagram shows their set up.

The results of their investigation are shown.

Ruler Distance Band Is Pulled Back
(centimeters) Distance Band Travels (centimeters)
1 5 61
2 10 122
3 15 213
4 20 366
Which statement best describes the results of their investigation?
A.
The more potential energy the band has, the more kinetic energy is transferred, and the farther the band travels.

B.
The less potential energy the band has, the more kinetic energy is transferred, and the farther the band travels.

C.
The more kinetic energy the band has, the more potential energy is transferred, and the farther the band travels.

D.
The less kinetic energy the band has, the more potential energy is transferred, and the farther the band travels.

A. The more potential energy the band has, the more kinetic energy is transferred, and the farther the band travels.

A student is investigating the transfer of potential energy into kinetic energy. The student uses a slingshot and a marble, as shown in the diagram.

The steps of the student's investigation are shown.

Step 1 Place the marble in the slingshot, pull back on the sling to a distance of 15 centimeters, release the sling, and record the distance the marble travels.
Step 2 Place the marble in the slingshot, pull back on the sling to a distance of 10 centimeters, release the sling, and record the distance the marble travels.
Step 3 Place the marble in the slingshot, pull back on the sling to a distance of 5 centimeters, release the sling, and record the distance the marble travels.
What will MOST LIKELY be the result of this investigation?

A.
The marble released from a distance of 5 centimeters will have the most potential energy transferred into kinetic energy, causing the marble to travel the farthest.

B.
The marble released from a distance of 15 centimeters will have the most potential energy transferred into kinetic energy, causing the marble to travel the farthest.

C.
The marble released from a distance of 5 centimeters will have the least potential energy transferred into kinetic energy, causing the marble to travel the farthest.

D.
The marble released from a distance of 15 centimeters will have the least potential energy transferred into kinetic energy, causing the marble to travel the farthest.

B. The marble released from a distance of 15 centimeters will have the most potential energy transferred into kinetic energy, causing the marble to travel the farthest.

The diagram models a device that was the foundation for the modern electrical turbine. Which of the following is causing the wheel to turn? A. Force from the mechanical energy generated by the solar radiation causes the wheel to turn. B. Force from the mechanical energy generated by the moving water causes the wheel to turn. C. Force from the thermal energy generated by the solar radiation causes the wheel to turn. D. Force from the thermal energy generated by the moving water causes the wheel to turn.

B. Force from the mechanical energy generated by the moving water causes the wheel to turn.

The table describes the qualities of four objects.


Object Produces Light? Temperature (°C/°F)
a bouncing basketball no 20°C/68°F
the Sun's surface yes 5500°C/10,000°F
a lit lightbulb yes 250°C/482°F
a fork sitting on a table no 15°C/59°F
Which of the following is most likely true?
A.
Small objects produce more light than larger objects.

B.
Large objects produce less heat than smaller objects.

C.
Objects that produce light energy often produce heat energy.

D.
Objects that do not produce light energy have high temperatures.

C. Objects that produce light energy often produce heat energy.

The diagram below shows two flasks of water, one with hot water and the other with room temperature water, which are connected by a conductive metal bar. When initially set up, in which direction does the thermal energy between the flasks flow? A. Thermal energy flows from the flask on the left to the flask on the right. B. Thermal energy flows from the flask on the right to the flask on the left. C. Thermal energy does not flow between the two flasks. D. Thermal energy flows equally between the two flasks.

A. Thermal energy flows from the flask on the left to the flask on the right.

A piece of metal is heated and then submerged in cool water. Which statement below best describes what happens?

A.
The temperature of the water will decrease, while the temperature of the metal will increase.

B.
The temperature of the water will decrease and the temperature of the metal will also decrease.

C.
The temperature of the water will increase, while the temperature of the metal will decrease.

D.
The temperature of the water will increase and the temperature of the metal will also increase.