How does hydrogen bonding affect water as it becomes colder and eventually freezes?(1 point) Responses It causes ice to become more dense than water. It causes ice to become more dense than water. It allows water molecules to freeze in random patterns. It allows water molecules to freeze in random patterns. It makes ice float on top of water instead of sink. It makes ice float on top of water instead of sink. It creates tight spaces between water molecules.
It causes ice to become more dense than water.
As water becomes colder and eventually freezes, hydrogen bonding plays a crucial role. Here's how it affects water:
1. It causes ice to become more dense than water: When water is in its liquid state, the hydrogen bonds allow the water molecules to stay relatively close together. However, as the temperature decreases, these hydrogen bonds become more stable and organized, leading to a rearrangement of water molecules. This rearrangement causes the water molecules to form a hexagonal lattice in ice, increasing its density compared to the liquid water.
2. It allows water molecules to freeze in random patterns: Hydrogen bonding allows water molecules to form clusters or networks. As the temperature decreases, these networks become more stable, and individual water molecules start forming bonds with their neighboring molecules, eventually freezing into solid ice. Due to the randomness in the formation of these hydrogen bonds, water molecules freeze in various orientations and patterns.
3. It makes ice float on top of water instead of sink: When water freezes, the hydrogen bonds align in a way that creates an open, hexagonal lattice structure. This lattice structure leaves larger spaces between the water molecules compared to the liquid state. As a result, the density of ice decreases, causing it to be less dense than liquid water. This property causes ice to float on top of water, instead of sinking.
Therefore, hydrogen bonding has several effects on water as it becomes colder and freezes, including increased density of ice, random patterns of freezing, and the floating of ice on water.
The correct answer is: It makes ice float on top of water instead of sink.
When water cools down, the hydrogen bonds between the water molecules become more rigid and stable. These hydrogen bonds cause the water molecules to arrange themselves in a specific, hexagonal lattice structure. This organized arrangement creates open spaces between the water molecules, making ice less dense than liquid water. As a result, ice is able to float on top of water instead of sinking. This property is essential for the survival of aquatic organisms since it insulates the water below the ice, allowing life to persist even during freezing temperatures.