What is the significance of carbon having four valence electrons?

A. The outermost shell never fills making it unstable
B. The outermost shell can only bond with hydrogen.
C. The outermost shell is full, making it a stable.
D. The outermost shell can form up to four covalent bonds.

D. The outermost shell can form up to four covalent bonds.

The correct answer is D. The outermost shell of carbon can form up to four covalent bonds. Carbon has four valence electrons in its outer shell, which allows it to easily bond with other atoms and form a wide variety of compounds. This ability to form multiple covalent bonds makes carbon the basis of organic chemistry and is crucial in the formation of many biological molecules.