The Earth has spheres that are constantly interacting. Which of the following is the best example of the geosphere interacting with the biosphere?(1 point)
Responses
Strong winds carry pollen across large fields to flowers.
Strong winds carry pollen across large fields to flowers.
A strain of bacteria is able to live deep in an ocean.
A strain of bacteria is able to live deep in an ocean.
Volcanic ash provides nutrients in the soil for plants.
Volcanic ash provides nutrients in the soil for plants.
Some land mammals are dependent on ice formations.
Some land mammals are dependent on ice formations.
The following image is a prediction of how an earthquake would spread from the epicenter (marked by a star). Red indicates the worst areas, and green indicates the places where there is the least shaking. Water is colored blue. Consider a seismic wave—an earthquake—that starts in the middle of the red area and travels outward along the surface of the earth. Point A is the same distance from the epicenter as point B. Using what you know about the movement of waves, how would you expect the seismic waves to be different at point A and point B?(1 point)
Responses
The waves would be larger at point A than at point B.
The waves would be larger at point A than at point B.
The waves would be exactly the same at points A and B.
The waves would be exactly the same at points A and B.
The ground would shake up and down at point A but back and forth at point B.
The ground would shake up and down at point A but back and forth at point B.
The waves would arrive at point B before they arrived at point A.
The waves would be exactly the same at points A and B.
The Milky Way Galaxy contains:(1 point)
Responses
only the objects found in the Solar System.
only the objects found in the Solar System.
billions of stars and the objects in orbit around them.
billions of stars and the objects in orbit around them.
all of the stars throughout the Universe.
all of the stars throughout the Universe.
billions of stars but not the objects in orbit around them.
billions of stars and the objects in orbit around them.
Use the drop down menu to choose the correct term for each blank. (1 point)
Two objects are placed a certain distance from each other. The amount of gravitational force between the two objects depends on their masses and the distance between them. As the masses of the objects decrease, the force of gravity between them
. As the distance between the objects decreases, the force of gravity between them
As the masses of the objects decrease, the force of gravity between them decreases. As the distance between the objects decreases, the force of gravity between them increases.
Remy has learned that rock and soil from avalanches can cause tsunamis by falling into the ocean. Remy wonders if the height of the mountain has anything to do with the eventual size of the tsunami wave. How should Remy test this?(1 point)
Responses
Build different-sized model mountains at the edge of a pool, pour sand down the side of each mountain, and see how large each resulting wave is.
Build different-sized model mountains at the edge of a pool, pour sand down the side of each mountain, and see how large each resulting wave is.
Build a model town at the edge of a pool and see how large waves must be to cause damage to the buildings.
Build a model town at the edge of a pool and see how large waves must be to cause damage to the buildings.
Pour different amounts of sand down the side of a model mountain into a pool and see how large each resulting wave is.
Pour different amounts of sand down the side of a model mountain into a pool and see how large each resulting wave is.
Cause avalanches on several different mountains and see how large each resulting tsunami is.
Build different-sized model mountains at the edge of a pool, pour sand down the side of each mountain, and see how large each resulting wave is.
Select the group of organelles that is common to both plant cells and animal cells.(1 point)
Responses
cell wall, ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria
cell wall, ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria
ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm
ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm
cytoplasm, mitochondria, cell wall, nucleus
cytoplasm, mitochondria, cell wall, nucleus
nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, chloroplasts
ribosomes, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm
At one time, most people believed that the Universe was static, meaning it did not change. When larger and better telescopes were invented in the early 1900s, however, it was discovered that light from objects in space shifted toward longer wavelengths. Scientists concluded that only an expanding Universe could explain this shift. Which of the following statements is supported by this example?(1 point)
Responses
The theory of the expanding Universe cannot change, even if new evidence arises.
The theory of the expanding Universe cannot change, even if new evidence arises.
The principle of the expanding Universe is a scientific law.
The principle of the expanding Universe is a scientific law.
Scientific knowledge can change when new evidence or interpretations arise.
Scientific knowledge can change when new evidence or interpretations arise.
Once a scientific theory has been accepted, it can never change.
Once a scientific theory has been accepted, it can never change.
Scientific knowledge can change when new evidence or interpretations arise.
The image below shows numerous volcanic mountains in the Pacific Northwest. What is the most likely cause of the volcanic and earthquake activity in this region? (1 point)
Responses
rising and falling tides in the ocean
rising and falling tides in the ocean
random abnormal weather occurrences
random abnormal weather occurrences
solar and lunar variations
solar and lunar variations
collision of tectonic plates
collision of tectonic plates
The food web for a particular ecosystem is shown below. What would most likely happen if the grasshopper population had a major increase?(1 point)
Responses
The frog population would decrease.
The frog population would decrease.
The snake population would increase.
The snake population would increase.
The lizard population would not change.
The lizard population would not change.
The duck population would decrease.
The snake population would increase.
Cells are the basic units of life in living organisms. Which of the following components make up cells?(1 point)
Responses
atoms and molecules
atoms and molecules
atoms and tissues
atoms and tissues
tissues and organs
tissues and organs
molecules and organs
atoms and molecules
Kelly has a sample of an unknown substance. Which properties of the substance will be the same no matter how large or small her sample is?
(1 point)
Responses
all of these
all of these
melting point, boiling point, and mass
melting point, boiling point, and mass
melting point, boiling point, conductivity, density
melting point, boiling point, conductivity, density
melting point, boiling point, conductivity, solubility, density
melting point, boiling point, and density
Saturn's largest moon is Titan, shown below. Which of the following statements about Earth and Titan is true?
(1 point)
Responses
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Saturn and Titan.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Saturn and Titan.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Earth and Pluto.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Earth and Pluto.
There is no gravitational force between Earth and Titan.
There is no gravitational force between Earth and Titan.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is more than that between Earth and Saturn.
The gravitational force between Earth and Titan is less than that between Saturn and Titan.
An observational field study allows scientists to gain information about how things occur or behave in nature. In what field of science would a scientist most likely perform an observational field study on how the rate of erosion is related to the widening of a river or stream?(1 point)
Responses
chemistry
chemistry
physics
physics
geology
geology
biology
geology
The image below shows the processes of mitosis and meiosis. How do the products of mitosis compare to the products of meiosis?
(1 point)
Responses
Mitosis produces cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell, but meiosis produces cells with the same chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis produces cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell, but meiosis produces cells with the same chromosomes as the parent cell.
The cells from mitosis are identical to each other and to the parent cell, but the cells from meiosis are not identical to each other or the parent cell.
The cells from mitosis are identical to each other and to the parent cell, but the cells from meiosis are not identical to each other or the parent cell.
The cells from mitosis are a requirement of sexual reproduction, but the cells from meiosis are a requirement of asexual reproduction.
The cells from mitosis are a requirement of sexual reproduction, but the cells from meiosis are a requirement of asexual reproduction.
Mitosis produces sperm and egg cells, but meiosis produces body cells, like skin and muscle.
The cells from mitosis are identical to each other and to the parent cell, but the cells from meiosis are not identical to each other or the parent cell.
When automobiles are designed, engineers try to maximize their fuel efficiency. Even with modern technology, today's most efficient vehicles can only attain about 30% efficiency. That means of all the chemical energy of the fuel put into an automobile, only 30% of the fuel results in car motion. Which statement best explains why this happens?(1 point)
Responses
Much of the energy is destroyed.
Much of the energy is destroyed.
Most of the energy is transformed into mass.
Most of the energy is transformed into mass.
Most of the energy becomes chemical energy.
Most of the energy becomes chemical energy.
Much of the energy is transformed into heat.
Much of the energy is transformed into heat.
In the diagram below, light from the Sun strikes a beach (Z). The beach sand gains heat then warms the air that is immediately above it (X) and the sand that is immediately below it (Y).The warm air rises and is replaced by cool air (W). Which point indicates convective heat transfer?
(1 point)
Responses
W
W
Y
Y
Z
Z
X
W
Jay wants to know how the amount of acidity in rainwater influences the weathering rate of limestone. To answer his question, Jay performs an experiment in which he soaks identical pieces of limestone in 200 mL of different carbonic acid solutions. The pH of the solutions range from 3.0 to 5.5. After performing his experiment once, he reports his data and draws a conclusion. What can Jay do to improve the reliability and accuracy of his data?(1 point)
Responses
He can use different types of rocks but follow the same experimental procedure.
He can use different types of rocks but follow the same experimental procedure.
He can repeat his experiment using a sodium hydroxide base instead of carbonic acid.
He can repeat his experiment using a sodium hydroxide base instead of carbonic acid.
He can increase the volume of the carbonic acid solutions.
He can increase the volume of the carbonic acid solutions.
He can repeat his experiment multiple times and ask someone else to replicate his experiment.
He can repeat his experiment multiple times and ask someone else to replicate his experiment.
Carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) are pure substances. Each is made of only one type of atom, but carbon atoms are different from hydrogen atoms. Carbon and hydrogen chemically combine to form methane (CH4).Based on this information:(1 point)
Responses
carbon and hydrogen are elements and methane is a compound.
carbon and hydrogen are elements and methane is a compound.
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all compounds.
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all compounds.
methane is an element and carbon and hydrogen are compounds.
methane is an element and carbon and hydrogen are compounds.
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all elements.
carbon, hydrogen, and methane are all elements.
carbon and hydrogen are elements and methane is a compound.
Mrs. Clark decides to do a demonstration for her class with a piece of notebook paper. Using a balance, Mrs. Clark discovers that the mass of the paper is 20 g. She then takes the piece of paper and cuts it into several small pieces. The cumulative mass of the small pieces is 20 g. What has Mrs. Clark demonstrated for her class?(1 point)
Responses
a chemical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a chemical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a chemical change involving change of mass
a chemical change involving change of mass
a physical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a physical change involving change of shape and size of matter
a physical change involving change of mass
a physical change involving change of mass
a physical change involving change of shape and size of matter
The three classes of rocks are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. How are rocks classified into one of these three groups?
(1 point)
Responses
According to how many times they have been through the rock cycle
According to how many times they have been through the rock cycle
According to the amount of weathering they have endured
According to the amount of weathering they have endured
According to their position in the lithosphere
According to their position in the lithosphere
According to the method of their formation