I. Inertia is the property of matter that prevents it from moving.
II. Inertia is the property of matter that keeps it moving with the same speed.
III. Based on the Law of Interaction, the reaction force is stronger than the action force. An example is the propeller’s action that creates a reaction force that moves the vessel.
IV. The buoyant force supporting the vessel must be higher than the weight of the vessel to prevent it from sinking.
What can be concluded from the statements above?
Based on the statements above, we can conclude the following:
- Statement I is true. Inertia is indeed the property of matter that prevents it from moving or changing its state of motion.
- Statement II is false. Inertia does not keep matter moving with the same speed; it actually keeps matter at rest or moving at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force.
- Statement III is false. According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, the action and reaction forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.
- Statement IV is true. According to Archimedes' principle, the buoyant force exerted on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. To prevent the vessel from sinking, the buoyant force must be greater than the weight of the vessel.
Based on the statements, we can conclude the following:
1. Statement I is correct: Inertia is indeed the property of matter that prevents it from moving.
2. Statement II is incorrect: Inertia does not keep matter moving with the same speed, but rather keeps it at rest or in motion with the same velocity unless acted upon by an external force.
3. Statement III is incorrect: According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, the force of action and reaction are equal and opposite, not one being stronger than the other.
4. Statement IV is correct: In order to prevent a vessel from sinking, the buoyant force, which is exerted by a fluid on an object submerged in it, must be greater than the weight of the vessel.