Joshua fills one large container with cold water Then he fills a small container with hot water and red food coloring, and seals it with a lid. Next, he puts the small container into the large container and removes the lid of the small container. He observes the red colored water from the small container rising up to the top of the cold water. Which two statements explain why this happens?
1) The density of cold water is higher than hot water.
2) The process of convection occurs, causing the hot water to rise up.
because the hot water is less dense than the cold water
because the hot water is less dense than the cold water
because the hot water has the same density as the cold water
because the hot water has the same density as the cold water
because the hot water molecules move faster than those of cold water
because the hot water molecules move faster than those of cold water
because the hot water is more dense than the cold water
because the hot water is more dense than the cold water
because the hot water molecules move as fast as those of cold water
than those of cold water
1. The principle of convection: When the small container with hot water is placed inside the large container with cold water, the heat from the hot water causes the water particles to move faster and spread out. This leads to a decrease in density of the hot water, making it less dense than the cold water. As a result, the hot water rises to the top of the cold water.
2. The principle of diffusion: When the small container is opened, the hot water and food coloring molecules start to mix with the cold water. The molecules of the red food coloring move randomly in all directions, but tend to spread out and distribute themselves evenly throughout the water. This diffusion process causes the red colored water from the small container to rise and spread throughout the cold water in the large container.
To understand why the red colored water from the small container rises up to the top of the cold water, we need to consider two principles: diffusion and density.
1. Diffusion: Diffusion is the process by which particles spread out from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. In this case, the red food coloring particles initially have a high concentration in the small container, but as soon as the lid is removed, they begin to spread out and mix with the surrounding cold water. This starts a process of diffusion, where the red particles move from the region of high concentration in the small container to the region of low concentration in the larger container.
2. Density: Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. Water with different densities tend to separate, with less dense water rising above denser water. Hot water is less dense than cold water, which means that it has fewer particles per unit volume. When the hot water with red food coloring is poured into the cold water, the less dense hot water tends to rise to the top while the denser cold water settles at the bottom.
Combining these two principles, we can explain why the red colored water rises to the top of the cold water: the red particles from the small container diffuse into the surrounding cold water, and the less dense hot water rises above the denser cold water due to the difference in their densities.