One of the organelles most likely functioning to modify proteins and parts of the cell is the Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi body. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for receiving proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and modifying, sorting, and packaging them into vesicles for transport to their final destinations within the cell or for secretion outside the cell. It plays a crucial role in post-translational modification of proteins, such as adding carbohydrates (glycosylation), phosphorylation, or cleaving peptide chains. Additionally, the Golgi apparatus also functions in the synthesis of certain macromolecules and the recycling of cellular components.
One of the organelles responsible for modifying proteins and other cellular components is the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus is made up of a stack of flattened sacs called cisternae. It receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and modifies them by adding sugars, lipids, or phosphate groups. The modified proteins and lipids are then sorted and packaged into vesicles for transport to their final destinations within the cell or for secretion outside the cell. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in protein sorting, trafficking, and post-translational modifications.
