Is Covid 19 an exogenous
Yes, Covid-19 is considered an exogenous variable. Exogenous variables are those that come from outside of a system and are not influenced by the system itself. Covid-19 is a virus that originated in animals and was transmitted to humans, and its spread and impact are not directly influenced by human behavior or factors within the human body. Therefore, it is considered an exogenous factor in the context of its impact on human health and society.
The sub account of balance of payment in which investments transactions
The sub-account of the balance of payments in which investment transactions are recorded is known as the "Capital Account." The Capital Account captures the flow of financial investments between countries, including direct investments, portfolio investments, and other capital transfers. It accounts for transactions such as foreign direct investment, purchases or sales of stocks and bonds, loans, and other capital transfers between residents and non-residents.
Notes and coins in circulation and demand deposits of the domestic private sector with monetary institutions
The component of the balance of payments that includes notes and coins in circulation and demand deposits of the domestic private sector with monetary institutions is called the "Monetary Account" or "Monetary and Credit Account."
The Monetary Account reflects the domestic money supply and tracks the circulation of physical currency (notes and coins) as well as the demand deposits held by individuals, businesses, and other private entities with monetary institutions (such as commercial banks). This account records the changes in the quantity of money within the domestic economy and reflects the financial transactions made by the domestic private sector with monetary institutions.
What is M1
M1 refers to a monetary aggregate that includes the most liquid forms of money in an economy. It represents the narrowest measure of the money supply. M1 typically includes the following components:
1. Physical currency (notes and coins) held by the non-bank public.
2. Demand deposits, which are checking accounts and other similar accounts held by individuals, businesses, and organizations with banks or other financial institutions.
M1 excludes less liquid forms of money such as time deposits (fixed-term deposits) and savings accounts. It is used by central banks and economists to monitor the money supply and to analyze economic activity and trends.