which of the following countries achieved independence through armed struggle
Many countries have achieved independence through armed struggle. Some examples include:
1. United States
2. India
3. Vietnam
4. Algeria
5. Zimbabwe
6. Mozambique
7. Eritrea
8. Angola
9. Guinea-Bissau
10. East Timor
Many countries have achieved independence through armed struggle throughout history. Some notable examples include:
1. India: India gained independence from British colonial rule on August 15, 1947, through a long and nonviolent struggle led by Mahatma Gandhi and other freedom fighters. While the independence movement was primarily nonviolent, there were instances of armed resistance and militancy in some regions.
2. Algeria: Algeria fought a long and violent war of independence against French colonial rule between 1954 and 1962. The National Liberation Front (FLN) led the armed struggle, and after years of resistance and negotiations, Algeria finally achieved independence.
3. Vietnam: Vietnam waged a protracted armed struggle against French colonial rule, which culminated in the decisive victory at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. The Vietnam War, which followed, was also a struggle for independence against the United States who supported the South Vietnamese government. North Vietnam eventually reunified the country under Communist rule in 1975.
4. Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia): Zimbabwe gained independence from white minority rule in 1980 after a protracted guerrilla war led by the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU). The armed struggle resulted in the Lancaster House Agreement, granting majority rule and paving the way for independence.
These are just a few examples, and there are numerous other countries that have achieved independence through armed struggle.