distinguish between boiling and condensing
Boiling is a process in which a liquid is converted into a gas by heating the liquid to its boiling point. The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure above it. During boiling, the temperature of the liquid remains constant until all of the liquid has been converted into a gas.
Condensing is the opposite of boiling and refers to the process in which a gas is converted into a liquid by reducing its temperature or increasing the pressure. When a gas is cooled down or its pressure is increased, the movement of the gas molecules slows down and they begin to stick together, forming droplets. These droplets eventually grow in size and become liquid. The temperature at which condensation occurs is called the dew point.
In summary, boiling is the process of liquid turning into gas by heating it, while condensing is the process of gas turning into liquid by cooling or increasing the pressure.
Boiling and condensing are two different processes that involve the change of state of a substance, typically a liquid, to a gas and vice versa. Here is a step-by-step breakdown of the differences between boiling and condensing:
Boiling:
1. Boiling occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, which is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals the external pressure.
2. As heat is applied to the liquid, the molecules gain energy and begin to move more rapidly, increasing the pressure exerted by the vapor above the liquid.
3. When the vapor pressure of the liquid matches the external pressure, bubbles of vapor are formed throughout the liquid. This is known as boiling.
4. Boiling is characterized by the formation and escape of vapor bubbles from the surface of the liquid.
5. The boiling point is specific to each substance and varies depending on factors such as atmospheric pressure.
6. Boiling is an endothermic process, meaning it requires the input of heat to occur.
Condensing:
1. Condensing is the reverse process of boiling and occurs when a gas or vapor is cooled down to its condensation point.
2. As the temperature of the gas or vapor decreases, the molecules lose energy and move more slowly.
3. When the temperature decreases to the point where the vapor pressure equals the external pressure, the gas or vapor begins to condense back into a liquid.
4. Condensing is characterized by the formation of liquid droplets from the gas or vapor phase.
5. The condensation point is specific to each substance and is typically lower than its boiling point.
6. Condensing is an exothermic process, meaning it releases heat as the gas or vapor transforms into a liquid.
In summary, boiling is the process of a liquid transforming into a gas by gaining energy and forming bubbles throughout the liquid, while condensing is the process of a gas or vapor transforming into a liquid by losing energy and forming liquid droplets.