which of the following transformed city life in th late 1800s

The correct answer is:

D) The introduction of electric lighting.

In the late 1800s, several factors transformed city life. Some of the significant developments include:

1. Industrialization: The rapid industrialization during this period led to the growth of factories, industries, and economic expansion in cities. This resulted in an influx of rural migrants seeking employment and better opportunities in urban areas.

2. Urbanization: As a result of industrialization, there was a significant increase in the urban population. Cities grew rapidly in size and population density, with large numbers of people migrating from rural areas to seek jobs and a better life.

3. Transportation: The development of transportation systems, particularly railroads, made it easier for people to travel and goods to be transported more efficiently. This facilitated the movement of people and goods between cities and regions.

4. Technological advancements: The late 1800s saw notable technological advancements, including the introduction of electricity, telegraph and telephone communication systems, and the development of mass transportation like electric streetcars and subways. These innovations improved city infrastructure and connectivity.

5. Social reforms: Various social reforms emerged during this time, driven by the challenges posed by urbanization. These reforms included efforts to improve public health, sanitation, and housing conditions, as well as the establishment of public services such as schools, libraries, and public parks.

These factors collectively transformed city life, leading to changes in the urban landscape, social structure, and the overall way of life in cities during the late 1800s.