(Q#1) How can a stationary metal sphere have kinetic energy, the energy of motion?
A: The metal sphere can be rolled.
B: The metal’s molecules are moving around.
C: The metal is made of atoms, which store potential energy.
D: The metal is made of atoms, which are vibrating in place.
(Q#2) What do you measure when you find a substance’s temperature?
A: absolute heat of the substance
B: potential energy of the substance
C: average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance
D: kinetic energy of the substance
(Q#3) What happens when thermal energy is applied to an ice cube?
A: Its water molecules lose potential energy.
B: Its water molecules gain potential energy.
C: Its water molecules gain kinetic energy and move around more.
D: Its water molecules lose kinetic energy, so the ice cube melts
(Q#4) Why does an ice cube melt even in a cold glass of water?
A: Ice cubes must always melt eventually.
B: The ice cube is still colder than the water, so thermal energy moves from the ice cube to the water.
C: The air around the water melts the ice cube.
D: The water is still warmer than the ice cube, so thermal energy moves from the water to the ice cube.
(Q#5) Which scenario best describes a scientist who is studying thermal energy?
A: She works on a team, with each member carrying out all of the same tasks together.
B: She works on a team, with each member performing a different role on the project.
C: She works with a team, telling each member exactly what to do.
D: She works alone to research and carry out the project.
(Q#6) What is the best description of the conclusion of a scientific investigation?
A: The conclusion states that the results are correct.
B: The conclusion is the final step of the investigation before it is written.
C: The conclusion uses reasoning to justify the investigation.
D: The conclusion uses reasoning to explain and interpret the results.
(Q#7) How does a heater in one corner of a fish aquarium warm the whole aquarium?
A: The heater creates convection currents, which transfer warmer water away from the heater and cooler water toward the heater.
B: The heater adds thermal energy evenly to the aquarium’s water.
C: The heater warms the glass of the aquarium, which warms the water.
D: The heater warms the air above the aquarium, which warms the water.
(Q#8) What happens when a cold spoon is placed in hot soup?
A: The soup’s molecules have more potential energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon.
B: The spoon’s molecules have less kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the soup.
C: The soup’s molecules have the same kinetic energy as the spoon’s molecules, so there is no transfer of thermal energy.
D: The soup’s molecules have more kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon.
1) The metal is made of atoms, which are vibrating in place.
2) average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance
3) Its water molecules gain kinetic energy and move around more.
4) The water is still warmer than the ice cube, so thermal energy moves from
the water to the ice cube.
5) She works on a team, with each member performing a different role on the
project.
6) The conclusion uses reasoning to explain and interpret the results.
7) The heater creates convection currents, which transfer warmer water away from the heater and cooler water toward the heater.
8) The soup’s molecules have more kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the spoon.
hope this helps OwO
(Q#1) The correct answer is B: The metal’s molecules are moving around. When a substance, such as metal, is at a certain temperature, its molecules are in motion, even if the object appears to be stationary.
(Q#2) The correct answer is C: average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. The higher the temperature, the faster the particles are moving.
(Q#3) The correct answer is C: Its water molecules gain kinetic energy and move around more. When thermal energy is applied to an ice cube, the energy is transferred to the water molecules, causing them to gain kinetic energy and move around more, resulting in the ice cube melting.
(Q#4) The correct answer is D: The water is still warmer than the ice cube, so thermal energy moves from the water to the ice cube. Despite the cold temperature of the water, it is still warmer than the ice cube. Therefore, thermal energy transfers from the water to the ice cube, causing it to melt.
(Q#5) The correct answer is D: She works alone to research and carry out the project. A scientist studying thermal energy may work alone to research and carry out the project. Although collaboration with a team is common, it is not a requirement for studying thermal energy.
(Q#6) The correct answer is D: The conclusion uses reasoning to explain and interpret the results. The conclusion of a scientific investigation is not merely a statement that the results are correct. It is the step where the researcher uses reasoning to explain and interpret the results obtained from the investigation.
(Q#7) The correct answer is A: The heater creates convection currents, which transfer warmer water away from the heater and cooler water toward the heater. The heater in one corner of the fish aquarium heats the water, creating convection currents. These convection currents transfer warmer water away from the heater and cooler water towards the heater, effectively warming the entire aquarium.
(Q#8) The correct answer is B: The spoon’s molecules have less kinetic energy, so they transfer thermal energy to the soup. When a cold spoon is placed in hot soup, the faster-moving molecules of the hot soup transfer thermal energy to the slower-moving molecules of the cold spoon. This transfer of thermal energy causes the spoon to become hotter while the soup cools down.