What is the relationship between kinetic energy and thermal energy?(1 point)
Responses
A- As the kinetic energy in a substance’s atoms increases, its thermal energy decreases, and vice versa.
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B- As the kinetic energy in a substance’s atoms increases, its thermal energy increases, and vice versa.
C- Kinetic energy is the transfer of thermal energy.
D- Kinetic energy is a measure of thermal energy.
The answer is B, and yw
The correct answer is B- As the kinetic energy in a substance's atoms increases, its thermal energy increases, and vice versa.
To understand this relationship, it is important to first understand the concepts of kinetic energy and thermal energy:
1. Kinetic Energy: Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion. The kinetic energy of an individual particle is given by the equation KE = 1/2 * mv^2, where m is the mass of the particle and v is its velocity. In a substance, the kinetic energy of its atoms is related to their motion, such as their vibration, rotation, or translation.
2. Thermal Energy: Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance. It includes the internal energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules, such as their vibrations and translations. Thermal energy is essentially the sum of all the kinetic energies of all the particles in a substance.
Based on these definitions, the relationship between kinetic energy and thermal energy becomes clear. When the kinetic energy of a substance's atoms increases, it means that their motion, such as vibration or translation, is increasing. This increase in motion leads to an increase in the total kinetic energy of all the particles, which is the thermal energy of the substance. Similarly, when the kinetic energy of the substance's atoms decreases, its thermal energy decreases as well.
Therefore, the correct answer is B- As the kinetic energy in a substance's atoms increases, its thermal energy increases, and vice versa.