in general, how did Europe react to the emancipation proclamation?
In general, Europe's reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation was mixed. Some countries such as Great Britain and France, which had already abolished slavery in their colonies, welcomed the proclamation and regarded it as a positive development towards the end of slavery in the United States.
However, other European nations like Spain and Portugal, which still practiced slavery in their colonies at the time, were critical of the Emancipation Proclamation and saw it as an attack on their own economic interests.
In addition, some Europeans were concerned about the potential economic and political effects of the end of slavery on the United States and feared it may lead to further destabilization of an already tense political climate.
Overall, the reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation was determined by each country's unique perspectives and interests at the time.