The empirical formula of an organic compound is C1H2O1. If the empirical formula mass of the compound is 30. Find the percentage composition of the elements in the compound.
% Carbon = (mass C/30)*100 = (12.01/30)*100 = ?
% Hydrogen = (mass H/30)*100 = (2*1.0079/30)*100 = ?
% Oxygen = (mass O/30)*100 = (16/30)*100 = ?
To find the percentage composition of the elements in the compound, you need to calculate the molar mass of the compound and then determine the percentage contribution of each element.
Step 1: Determine the molar mass of the empirical formula.
The empirical formula C1H2O1 contains 1 carbon (C), 2 hydrogen (H), and 1 oxygen (O) atom.
Molar mass(C) = 12.01 g/mol
Molar mass(H) = 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass(O) = 16.00 g/mol
The molar mass of the empirical formula is:
Molar mass(C1H2O1) = (1 x Molar mass(C)) + (2 x Molar mass(H)) + (1 x Molar mass(O))
= (1 x 12.01) + (2 x 1.01) + (1 x 16.00)
= 12.01 + 2.02 + 16.00
= 30.03 g/mol
Step 2: Calculate the percentage composition of each element.
Percentage composition of carbon (C):
%C = (Number of carbon atoms x Molar mass(C) / Molar mass of the empirical formula) x 100%
= (1 x 12.01 / 30.03) x 100%
≈ 39.98%
Percentage composition of hydrogen (H):
%H = (Number of hydrogen atoms x Molar mass(H) / Molar mass of the empirical formula) x 100%
= (2 x 1.01 / 30.03) x 100%
≈ 6.73%
Percentage composition of oxygen (O):
%O = (Number of oxygen atoms x Molar mass(O) / Molar mass of the empirical formula) x 100%
= (1 x 16.00 / 30.03) x 100%
≈ 53.29%
Therefore, the percentage composition of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the compound with the empirical formula C1H2O1 is approximately 39.98%, 6.73%, and 53.29% respectively.
To find the percentage composition of the elements in the compound, we need to determine the molar mass of each element in the empirical formula.
The empirical formula tells us that there is 1 carbon (C), 2 hydrogen (H), and 1 oxygen (O) in the compound.
The atomic masses of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) are approximately 12 g/mol, 1 g/mol, and 16 g/mol, respectively.
To calculate the molar mass of the compound, we multiply the atomic masses by the number of atoms of each element in the empirical formula and add them up:
Molar mass of C = 1 × 12 g/mol = 12 g/mol
Molar mass of H = 2 × 1 g/mol = 2 g/mol
Molar mass of O = 1 × 16 g/mol = 16 g/mol
Total molar mass of the compound = 12 g/mol + 2 g/mol + 16 g/mol = 30 g/mol
Now, we can calculate the percentage composition of each element by dividing the molar mass of each element by the total molar mass and multiplying by 100:
Percentage composition of C = (12 g/mol / 30 g/mol) × 100 = 40%
Percentage composition of H = (2 g/mol / 30 g/mol) × 100 = 6.67%
Percentage composition of O = (16 g/mol / 30 g/mol) × 100 = 53.33%
Therefore, the compound has approximately 40% carbon, 6.67% hydrogen, and 53.33% oxygen.