Describe and account the differences between the drainage pattern of the Indus system and that of Balochistan plateau.
To compare and explain the differences between the drainage patterns of the Indus system and the Balochistan plateau, we need to understand what a drainage pattern is.
A drainage pattern refers to the arrangement of rivers, streams, and other water channels in a particular geographical area. It is determined by the geological and topographical features of the region, including slope, rock types, and climate. Now, let's look at the differences between the drainage patterns of the Indus system and the Balochistan plateau.
1. Indus System: The Indus River is one of the longest rivers in Asia, stretching from the Tibetan plateau to the Arabian Sea. The drainage pattern of the Indus system is characterized by a dendritic or tree-like pattern. It consists of a main river (Indus) and its tributaries that flow in different directions, resembling the branching of a tree. This pattern is formed when the river follows the path of least resistance along relatively soft rock layers, eventually joining the main river.
2. Balochistan Plateau: Balochistan plateau is a highland region in southwestern Pakistan and southeastern Iran. Unlike the Indus system, the drainage pattern in Balochistan plateau is primarily radial. Radial drainage patterns emanate from a central high point and flow outward in all directions, forming a wheel-like or spoke pattern. This typically occurs in regions with a prominent central peak or dome-shaped topography, from which the water flows down towards the edges.
Additionally, due to the arid climate and lack of significant river systems, most of the drainage in Balochistan plateau is ephemeral. Ephemeral streams are temporary watercourses that flow only during and immediately after rainfall events, with no permanent flow throughout the year. As a result, the drainage in Balochistan plateau is intermittent and less pronounced compared to the Indus system.
To account for these differences, one must consider the geological and topographical features of each region. Understanding the origin, physical factors, and climate of an area is crucial in discerning the unique characteristics and patterns of its drainage system.