1.) Fruit weight
2.) Amount of water
3.) Gravity
4.) The stem moves towards the light for better photosynthesis
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1) To determine the weight of a fruit, you would need a scale. Place the fruit on the scale and wait for the reading to stabilize. The number displayed on the scale will represent the weight of the fruit.
2) Measuring the amount of water in a specific object, such as a fruit, typically requires a more specialized setup. One common method is the displacement method. Fill a container with a known volume of water, then carefully submerge the fruit in the water, making sure it is fully immersed and no air bubbles are present. The water level will rise, and you can measure the increase in volume. This increase in volume represents the amount of water displaced by the fruit, giving you an estimation of its amount of water.
3) Gravity is a natural force that attracts objects toward each other with a force proportional to their mass. The effect of gravity on an object, such as a fruit, is a constant acceleration towards the center of the mass of the object that is generating the gravitational force (e.g., the Earth). You can think of gravity as the force that pulls objects downward towards the ground, causing them to have weight.
4) The statement about the stem moving towards the light for better photosynthesis is not entirely accurate. Plants do exhibit a phenomenon called phototropism, where their stems or branches tend to grow towards a source of light. However, the purpose of this movement is not necessarily for photosynthesis. Plants have a hormone called auxin that plays a role in controlling their growth and development. When light hits one side of a plant, the auxin distribution in the stem is altered, causing the stem to elongate more on the shaded side. This causes the stem to bend and grow towards the light source. While photosynthesis primarily occurs in the leaves, the movement of the stem towards the light optimizes the overall positioning of the plant for better light absorption by its photosynthetic structures.