plz help me on this test its due today and i dont really know it good????
DNA Unit Test
Question 1
A) What would be the result of a cytosine base being substituted for a thymine base in a DNA segment during DNA replication? (1 point)
The entire segment of DNA would be affected.
There would be no effect on the DNA.
The cytosine base would pair with adenine when the DNA was replicated.
The sequence could code for the wrong amino acid during translation.
Question 2
A) Which of the following best explains why a cell spends most of the time during the cell cycle in interphase?(1 point)
Growth of the cell and replication of DNA prepare the cell for division.
Interphase is the last stage before exiting the cell cycle.
Mitosis happens during this phase where the cell divides.
Protein synthesis reads each codon carefully to ensure accuracy.
Question 3
A) Which statement is the first step of protein synthesis?(1 point)
DNA unzips between the base pairs.
A ribosome attaches to the mRNA.
Amino acids are linked together with peptide bonds.
tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and attaches them to the mRNA strand.
Question 4
A) Which statement is true?(1 point)
Amino acids do not need to be assembled in a particular order.
The human body uses 20 amino acids to form all types of proteins.
Amino acids form a polypeptide chain via carbon-carbon bonds.
tRNA is attached to specific proteins in the cell’s cytoplasm.
Question 5
A) Which statement about cystic fibrosis is true?(1 point)
Cystic fibrosis affects a person’s ability to make normal red blood cells.
Carriers have an advantage over people who do not have the cystic fibrosis mutation.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a frameshift deletion of one codon in the DNA molecule.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation in which a dominant allele replaces a recessive allele.
Question 6
A) What benefit does using the CRISPR technique have in creating GMOs?(1 point)
Diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding.
CRISPR can result in infertile hybrids.
Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly.
It eliminates all risk of mutation.
Question 7
A) What is the phenotype of a mouse that has the genotype Bb where B is the gene for black fur and b is the gene for brown fur assuming this gene follows a Mendelian inheritance pattern?(1 point)
fur with black hairs
fur with yellow hairs
fur with both black and brown hairs
fur with brown hairs
Question 8
A) A tall, heterozygous pea plant is crossed with another tall, heterozygous pea plant. What is the probability that an offspring will be a short plant?(1 point)
75%
50%
25%
0%
Question 9
A) Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?(1 point)
an insertion of a cytosine base near the start of an exon
a substitution of a thymine for an adenine
a deletion of 3 bases near the center of a gene
a deletion of a guanine base near the center of an intron
Question 10
A) Which statement best describes why Punnett squares are useful?(1 point)
Punnett squares are used to predict how recessive alleles are inherited.
Punnett squares are used to predict how dominant alleles are inherited.
Punnett squares are used to predict all possible allele combinations and their frequencies in offspring.
Punnett squares are used to predict the most likely allele combinations of the parents in a cross.
hey is anyone going to answear it im needing the same questions answeared?
anyone got the answers?
To answer these questions, you will need to have a basic understanding of DNA replication, the cell cycle, protein synthesis, genetic inheritance, CRISPR technique, and Punnett squares. Here's a breakdown of each question and how to approach it:
Question 1: This question requires knowledge of DNA replication and the consequences of base substitution. A cytosine base being substituted for a thymine base can potentially lead to a change in the DNA sequence, which could code for the wrong amino acid during translation. The correct answer is "The sequence could code for the wrong amino acid during translation."
Question 2: This question is related to the cell cycle and interphase. Interphase is the phase where the cell prepares for division through growth and DNA replication. The correct answer is "Growth of the cell and replication of DNA prepare the cell for division."
Question 3: This question involves understanding the steps of protein synthesis. The first step is the unzipping of DNA between the base pairs. The correct answer is "DNA unzips between the base pairs."
Question 4: This question tests knowledge of amino acids and protein formation. The human body uses 20 amino acids to form all types of proteins. The correct answer is "The human body uses 20 amino acids to form all types of proteins."
Question 5: This question is about the genetic disorder cystic fibrosis and its causes. Cystic fibrosis is caused by a frameshift deletion of one codon in the DNA molecule. The correct answer is "Cystic fibrosis is caused by a frameshift deletion of one codon in the DNA molecule."
Question 6: This question relates to the CRISPR technique and its benefits in creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The benefit of using the CRISPR technique is that precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly. The correct answer is "Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly."
Question 7: This question tests understanding of genotype and phenotype in a Mendelian inheritance pattern. The Bb genotype would result in fur with both black and brown hairs, as the dominant gene for black fur (B) is incomplete dominance over the recessive gene for brown fur (b). The correct answer is "fur with both black and brown hairs."
Question 8: This question is a probability calculation based on a cross between two heterozygous (Tt) pea plants. The probability of an offspring being short (tt) is 25%. The correct answer is "25%."
Question 9: This question requires knowledge of the harmful effects of different types of mutations. A deletion of 3 bases near the center of a gene is more likely to have a harmful effect on an organism. The correct answer is "a deletion of 3 bases near the center of a gene."
Question 10: This question tests understanding of Punnett squares in predicting allele combinations. Punnett squares are used to predict all possible allele combinations and their frequencies in offspring. The correct answer is "Punnett squares are used to predict all possible allele combinations and their frequencies in offspring."
I hope this breakdown helps you tackle the questions effectively. Remember to carefully read each question and refer back to your knowledge of the topics covered to choose the most accurate answer.