Two clear solutions react when mixed to form a solid. Lead nitrate and sodium chloride form a white precipitate
To observe the formation of a white precipitate when lead nitrate and sodium chloride are mixed, you can follow these steps:
Step 1: Gather the necessary materials
- Lead nitrate solution (Pb(NO3)2)
- Sodium chloride solution (NaCl)
- Two clean, clear containers (test tubes or small beakers)
Step 2: Safety precautions
- Put on protective gloves and safety goggles to prevent any contact with the chemicals.
Step 3: Setting up the experiment
- Pour a small amount of lead nitrate solution into one of the containers.
- In the second container, pour an equal amount of sodium chloride solution.
Step 4: Mixing the solutions
- Carefully pour the sodium chloride solution into the container containing the lead nitrate solution.
- Observe the reaction as the two solutions combine.
Step 5: Formation of the precipitate
- As the solutions mix, you will notice the formation of a white precipitate, which appears as a cloudy or milky substance within the clear solution.
Step 6: Record observations
- Note down any observations, such as the color, texture, and amount of the white precipitate formed.
- Take note of any other changes, such as the temperature or any gas production.
Step 7: Clean up
- Dispose of the experiment properly, following the guidelines for chemical waste disposal at your location.
- Clean the containers thoroughly before storing or using them for other experiments.
Remember, it is important to always follow appropriate safety procedures and guidelines when working with chemicals.
When lead nitrate and sodium chloride are mixed together, they undergo a chemical reaction known as a double displacement reaction. This reaction produces two new compounds: lead chloride and sodium nitrate.
To understand why a white precipitate is formed, we need to examine the solubility rules for these compounds. In general, lead chloride is insoluble in water and forms a solid precipitate. On the other hand, sodium nitrate is highly soluble in water and remains in solution as individual ions.
Here's how you can determine the products of this reaction:
1. Write down the chemical formulas of the reactants:
Lead nitrate: Pb(NO3)2
Sodium chloride: NaCl
2. Swap the anions between the two compounds while keeping the cations in their respective places:
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaCl -> PbCl2 + 2NaNO3
3. Balance the equation by making sure the number of atoms on each side is the same:
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaCl -> PbCl2 + 2NaNO3
So, when you mix lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) and sodium chloride (NaCl) together, a white precipitate of lead chloride (PbCl2) is formed while sodium nitrate (NaNO3) remains dissolved in the solution.