18. What does a prism show about colors of light? (1 point)
Green light is refracted the most in a prism.
Prisms create the different colors of light that we see.
All colors are refracted the same amount when they enter a prism.
White light contains many frequencies of visible light that prisms split into colors.
19. A light wave travels at an angle from Medium A into Medium B and Medium A has a greater index of refraction than Medium B. How do the angles of reflection and refraction where the media meet compare to the angle of incidence of the light wave? Choose the correct phrases to complete the statement.
The angle of reflection is ____________ the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction is ____________ the angle of incidence. (1 point)
larger than, larger than
equal to, larger than
larger than, smaller than
equal to, smaller than
20. Which of the following was an important discovery that Marie Curie made while studying radioactivity? (1 point)
Large atoms gain mass through radioactivity.
Atoms can change into different atoms with new properties.
All radioactive elements give off the same amount of energy.
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom never changes.
18. White light contains many frequencies of visible light that prisms split into colors.
19. The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence.
20. Atoms can change into different atoms with new properties.
18. The correct answer is: White light contains many frequencies of visible light that prisms split into colors.
To understand this answer, it is important to know how prisms work. Prisms are transparent objects made of glass or other materials. When white light passes through a prism, it is refracted (bent) and then separated into a spectrum of colors, which we see as the colors of the rainbow. This happens because different colors of light have different wavelengths, and when they pass through the prism, they are bent at different angles. This phenomenon is called dispersion.
19. The correct answer is: larger than, smaller than.
To understand this answer, you need to know about the concept of refraction and Snell's law. When light waves pass from one medium to another with different refractive indices, they change direction. The angle at which the incident light wave hits the interface between the two media is called the angle of incidence. The angle at which the refracted light wave bends as it enters the second medium is called the angle of refraction. The angle at which the reflected light wave bounces off the interface is called the angle of reflection.
When light passes from a medium with a higher refractive index to a medium with a lower refractive index, like in this question, the angle of incidence is larger than the angle of refraction. This means that the light wave bends away from the normal line (an imaginary line perpendicular to the interface) when it enters the second medium. The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
20. The correct answer is: Atoms can change into different atoms with new properties.
Marie Curie made significant contributions to the study of radioactivity. She discovered that atoms can spontaneously transform into different atoms through a process called radioactive decay. This discovery challenged the previous understanding that atoms were indivisible and unchangeable. Curie's work led to advancements in our understanding of atomic structure and the concept of transmutation, where one element can change into another.