A set up is used in the preparation of ammonia gas in the laboratory.Draw the set up and label the parts.i. what is the function of calcium oxide.ii.state the method by which gas is collected.iii.how will you test for the gas.iv.write the chemical equation for the laboratory preparation of the gas.v.state four uses of the gas.
Are you trying to dry lab the experiment? We can't draw diagrams on this forum.
To answer your question, I'll explain each part of it step by step:
i. The function of calcium oxide in the preparation of ammonia gas:
- Calcium oxide (CaO), also known as quicklime, is used as a drying agent in the set up.
- Its function is to absorb any moisture present in the air, preventing it from reacting with ammonia gas during the preparation process.
ii. The method by which gas is collected:
- The method commonly used to collect gases in the laboratory is called the "upward displacement of water" method.
- In this method, a gas (in this case, ammonia gas) is generated and collected by displacing water from an inverted container placed over a water-filled trough or basin.
- As the gas is produced and rises, it pushes the water downwards, allowing you to collect the gas in the inverted container.
iii. How to test for the gas:
- There are two common tests to identify ammonia gas.
- The first is the "damp red litmus paper test", where ammonia gas turns damp red litmus paper blue.
- The second is the "white fumes test", where ammonia gas produces white fumes when brought near to concentrated hydrochloric acid or hydrochloric acid gas.
iv. Chemical equation for the laboratory preparation of ammonia gas:
- The chemical equation for the preparation of ammonia gas from its reactants, calcium oxide (CaO) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), is as follows:
CaO + 2NH4Cl → 2NH3 + H2O + CaCl2
v. Four uses of ammonia gas:
- Ammonia gas has several applications:
1. It is widely used in the production of fertilizers, as it provides an essential source of nitrogen for plants.
2. It is used in refrigeration systems as a refrigerant.
3. Ammonia is a key ingredient in the production of cleaning agents, such as window cleaners and floor cleaners.
4. It is also used in the textile industry for dyeing and printing fabrics.
Note: It would be more helpful if you could provide more information or context regarding the "set up" for the preparation of ammonia gas in the laboratory.