What volume of concentrated sulfuric acid (20% weight/weight, density = 1.14) is needed to prepare 1 L of a 0.5 N solution of sulfuric acid?
What is the N or the acid now?
1.14 g/mL x 1000 ml x 0.20 x 1/49 = ?N
Then mL1 x N1 = mL2 x N2
1000 mL x 0.5N = mL2 x ?N2
Subtitute and solve for mL2.
107.5ml
To determine the volume of concentrated sulfuric acid needed to prepare a 0.5 N solution, you would need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the molar concentration of the desired solution.
A 0.5 N (Normal) solution means it contains 0.5 moles of sulfuric acid per liter of solution. Since sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid, it donates two moles of H+ ions per mole of acid. Therefore, the molar concentration would be half of the normal concentration.
N = Molarity
0.5 N = 0.5 M
Step 2: Calculate the molar mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
H2SO4 consists of two hydrogen (H) atoms, one sulfur (S) atom, and four oxygen (O) atoms.
H = 1 g/mol
S = 32 g/mol
O = 16 g/mol
Molar mass of H2SO4 = (2 x 1) + 32 + (4 x 16) = 98 g/mol
Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of sulfuric acid required.
Moles = Molarity x Volume (in liters)
Moles = 0.5 x 1 = 0.5 moles
Step 4: Calculate the mass of sulfuric acid required.
Mass = Moles x Molar mass
Mass = 0.5 moles x 98 g/mol = 49 g
Step 5: Calculate the volume of concentrated sulfuric acid needed.
The 20% weight/weight concentration of sulfuric acid means that there are 20 g of sulfuric acid in 100 g of the solution.
Let's assume that V is the volume (in milliliters) of the concentrated sulfuric acid needed.
Mass of sulfuric acid in the concentrated solution = (20 g/100 g) x V = (0.2V) g
Since density = mass/volume, we can rearrange the equation to find the volume:
Volume = Mass/Density
Volume of concentrated sulfuric acid needed = (0.2V) g / 1.14 g/ml
To convert milliliters to liters, divide by 1000:
Volume of concentrated sulfuric acid needed (in liters) = [(0.2V) g / 1.14 g/ml] / 1000
Now, we can set up the equation:
[(0.2V) g / 1.14 g/ml] / 1000 = 49 g
Solving for V, you would multiply both sides by 1.14:
(0.2V) g / 1000 = (49 g x 1.14)
Then, multiply both sides by 1000:
0.2V g = 49 g x 1.14 x 1000
Finally, divide both sides by 0.2 to solve for V:
V = (49 g x 1.14 x 1000) / 0.2
By calculating the above equation, you can determine the volume of concentrated sulfuric acid needed to prepare a 1 L of a 0.5 N solution of sulfuric acid.