What is the main difference between treating cancer with radiation therapy and treating cancer with chemotherapy?
The main difference between radiation therapy and chemotherapy lies in their mode of action and how they target cancer cells.
Radiation therapy involves using high-energy radiation, such as X-rays or protons, to target and destroy cancer cells. It works by damaging the DNA inside cancer cells, preventing their ability to grow and divide. Radiation therapy can be delivered both externally (from a machine outside the body) or internally (implanting radioactive material near or inside the tumor).
On the other hand, chemotherapy refers to the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. These drugs can be administered in various ways including orally, intravenously, or through injections. Chemotherapy targets cancer cells by interfering with their ability to divide and multiply. Unlike radiation therapy, which primarily affects cells in the specific area being treated, chemotherapy drugs can circulate throughout the body, reaching cancer cells in different locations.
While radiation therapy is primarily used to treat localized tumors and is often delivered over a specific period of time, chemotherapy can be used to treat both localized tumors and cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Additionally, radiation therapy is typically given as a series of sessions, while chemotherapy is often provided in cycles, with breaks to allow the body to recover between treatments.
It's important to note that in some cases, radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be used together as part of a comprehensive cancer treatment plan, seeking to maximize the chances of successfully eradicating cancer cells. The specific treatment approach is determined by factors such as the type and stage of cancer, the patient's overall health, and the goals of the treatment.