what kind of data have astronauts be able to collect on the moon?
Read, read, read ... and take good notes.
http://www.google.com/search?q=what+data+collected+on+the+moon&oq=what+data+collected+on+the+moon&aqs=chrome..69i57.7397j0j7&sourceid=chrome&espv=210&es_sm=119&ie=UTF-8