1) What is free gibs?
2)What is energy carriers?
3)If the inner membrate of the mitochondria leaks hydrogen what will happen?
1) To understand what "free gibs" means, it may be helpful to clarify whether you meant "free gibs" or "free Gibbs." However, assuming you meant "free Gibbs," it is a term derived from thermodynamics. Gibbs energy (or Gibbs free energy) is a measure of the potential energy available in a system for performing useful work at a constant temperature and pressure. It is often used to describe chemical reactions and their spontaneity or the amount of energy required or released during a reaction.
To calculate the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for a reaction, you would need to know both the enthalpy change (ΔH) and the entropy change (ΔS) of the system. The equation for calculating ΔG is ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where T represents the temperature in Kelvin.
2) Energy carriers are molecules or particles that transfer energy from one place to another within a biological system. In the context of biology, the most common energy carriers are ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). These molecules store and transport energy in a usable form for metabolic processes.
ATP, often referred to as the "energy currency" of cells, is generated during cellular respiration and can be hydrolyzed to release energy for various cellular processes. NADH is an electron carrier involved in redox reactions, transferring high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain where they can be used to generate ATP.
3) If the inner membrane of the mitochondria leaks hydrogen, it would disrupt the normal functioning of oxidative phosphorylation, the process responsible for producing ATP in cellular respiration. The inner membrane of the mitochondria is essential for creating the electrochemical gradient necessary for ATP production.
The inner mitochondrial membrane contains protein complexes involved in the electron transport chain, which transfer electrons and create a proton gradient across the membrane. This proton gradient is used by ATP synthase to generate ATP. If hydrogen ions (protons) leak from the inner membrane, the proton gradient would be disrupted, reducing the efficiency of ATP production.
As a result, the overall ATP production would decrease, leading to a decrease in cellular energy production. This can have various negative consequences, including reduced cell function, decreased metabolism, and potential cell death if the energy deficit persists.