Differentiate plants from animals based on the following: structure, locomotion, irritability, metabolic process, waste products, growth and development, outer covering and food making processes.
Since this is not my area of expertise, I searched Google under the key words "plant animal differences" to get these possible sources:
https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=plant+animal+differences&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8
In the future, you can find the information you desire more quickly, if you use appropriate key words to do your own search. Also see http://hanlib.sou.edu/searchtools/.
Don't just copy the material. Express the ideas in your own words. Although this will take more time and effort, you will learn more.
animals has backbone while plant has stem and flowers
Plants and animals can be differentiated based on several characteristics. Let's go through each of these characteristics step by step:
1. Structure:
Plants are multicellular organisms with cell walls made of cellulose. They have a rigid structure provided by stems, leaves, and roots. Animals, on the other hand, have a more flexible structure without cell walls. They possess complex organ systems and are composed of various types of tissues.
2. Locomotion:
Most plants are sessile, meaning they are rooted in one place and do not have the ability to move. They rely on external agents like wind or other organisms to disperse their reproductive structures (pollens, seeds, spores). In contrast, animals are generally mobile and capable of moving from one place to another. They possess muscles and specialized structures for locomotion.
3. Irritability:
Irritability refers to the ability of an organism to respond to stimuli from its environment. Plants exhibit a simple form of irritability called tropism, where they respond to light (phototropism), gravity (gravitropism), or touch (thigmotropism). Animals, on the other hand, possess complex nervous systems that allow them to respond to various stimuli quickly.
4. Metabolic Process:
Plants are autotrophs, which means they produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. They use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. Animals, however, are heterotrophs, meaning they obtain their energy by consuming other organisms. They ingest food and use complex digestive systems to break it down and extract nutrients.
5. Waste Products:
During metabolic processes, plants produce oxygen as a waste product of photosynthesis. They also produce small amounts of waste in the form of resins, gums, and oils. Animals, on the other hand, produce carbon dioxide and various nitrogenous wastes, such as urea or ammonia, as byproducts of their metabolism.
6. Growth and Development:
Plants exhibit indeterminate growth, meaning they can continue to grow throughout their lives. They have meristems (regions of cell division) that allow for the continual production of new cells, resulting in growth. Animals, on the other hand, generally exhibit determinate growth, meaning they reach a fixed size once they reach adulthood. They have a limited number of cells and organs that grow during development until they reach their final size.
7. Outer Covering:
Plants have external coverings, such as leaves and stems, made of cuticles and epidermis, providing protection against environmental factors. Animals typically have a wide range of outer coverings, including skin, fur, feathers, scales, or exoskeletons. These coverings serve various purposes like protection, insulation, or sensory perception.
8. Food Making Processes:
As mentioned earlier, plants are capable of making their own food through photosynthesis, using light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose. Animals, being heterotrophs, cannot produce their own food. They obtain necessary nutrients by feeding on plants, other animals, or both, utilizing different processes of ingestion and digestion.
These are the key differences between plants and animals based on the mentioned characteristics.
To differentiate plants from animals based on the following characteristics, here is an explanation for each category:
1. Structure: Plants typically have a rigid and stationary structure, with roots anchoring them into the ground and leaves above ground for photosynthesis. Animals, on the other hand, have a more flexible and mobile structure, with external or internal skeletal systems.
2. Locomotion: Plants are generally immobile, though some display slight movement through growth towards light (phototropism). They do not possess specialized structures for movement. Animals, however, have well-developed muscular and skeletal systems, enabling them to move in various ways.
3. Irritability: While both plants and animals exhibit some form of response to stimuli, plants display tropisms (response to external stimuli) such as phototropism or gravitropism. Animals often possess highly developed sensory organs and nervous systems, allowing for more complex and immediate responses to their environment.
4. Metabolic Process: Both plants and animals carry out metabolic processes like respiration, digestion, and circulation. However, plants perform photosynthesis, converting sunlight and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen, while animals rely on consuming organic matter for energy.
5. Waste Products: Plants release oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis and eliminate excess water through transpiration. Animals, in contrast, excrete waste products such as carbon dioxide, urea, or uric acid, mostly through respiration, urine, or feces.
6. Growth and Development: Plants generally exhibit indeterminate growth, continuously adding new cells and expanding throughout their lifespan. They have specialized tissues called meristems, allowing for growth in specific areas. Animals have a determinate growth pattern, reaching a fixed size and shape as they reach adulthood.
7. Outer Covering: Plants have a protective outer covering called the cell wall, composed primarily of cellulose. Animals, on the other hand, have a variety of outer coverings, including fur, feathers, scales, or skin.
8. Food Making Processes: Plants are autotrophic, meaning they can produce their own food through photosynthesis. They use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create glucose. Animals are heterotrophic, meaning they rely on consuming other organisms for food.
By considering these characteristics, we can differentiate plants from animals. It's important to note that while these characteristics generally apply to most plants and animals, there are exceptions and variations within each group.