Name these:
a) CH2=CH-CH=CH2
b) CH3-CH=CH-C(TRIPLE BOND)CH
c) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH(Cl)-CH(Br)-CH3
I'm not an organic chemist; therefore, I'm not up to recent IUPAC standards so you should confirm whatever I write about organic.
I would name these as follows:
1,4-butadiene
1-pentyne-3-ene
2-bromo-3-chlorohexane
a) The given structure CH2=CH-CH=CH2 is an example of butene, specifically 2-butene. To name an organic compound, follow these steps:
1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the structure. In this case, it is a four-carbon chain.
2. Number the carbon chain starting from the end nearest to the first double bond. In this structure, numbering from the left gives us a double bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3.
3. Use the appropriate prefix to indicate the number of double bonds. In this case, there is only one double bond, so the prefix becomes "but-".
4. Add "-ene" as the suffix to indicate the presence of a double bond. Hence the name of the compound is 2-butene.
b) The given structure CH3-CH=CH-C≡CH is an example of butyne. To name this compound, follow the same steps as for butene:
1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain, which is again a four-carbon chain.
2. Number the carbon chain starting from the end nearest to the first triple bond. In this structure, if we number from the left, we get a triple bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3.
3. Add the appropriate prefix to indicate the number of triple bonds. As there is only one triple bond, the prefix becomes "but-".
4. Add "-yne" as the suffix to indicate the presence of a triple bond. Therefore, the name of the compound is 2-butyne.
c) The given structure CH3-CH2-CH2-CH(Cl)-CH(Br)-CH3 is an example of a molecule with multiple substituents. To name this compound, follow these steps:
1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain, which is a six-carbon chain.
2. Number the chain in a way that gives the substituents the lowest possible numbers. In this case, start numbering from the right to give the bromine (Br) atom the lower number (position 4) than the chlorine (Cl) atom (position 5).
3. Write the name of each substituent attached to the main chain in alphabetical order, including their corresponding positions. In this compound, we have a chlorine atom (Cl) at position 4 and a bromine atom (Br) at position 5. Therefore, the name becomes 4-chloro-5-bromo.
4. Finally, write the name of the main chain, which in this case is a six-carbon chain (hexane).
Putting it all together, the name of the compound is 4-chloro-5-bromo-hexane.