Glucose can be classified as an aldohexose. Name the following monosaccharide to indicate its carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms.


HO-CH2-C(=o)-C(H2O)-C(H2O)-CH2-OH

To identify the carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms in the given monosaccharide, let's break it down step by step.

Monosaccharides are simple sugars consisting of a single carbohydrate unit. The given monosaccharide is:
HO-CH2-C(=O)-C(H2O)-C(H2O)-CH2-OH

First, let's identify the carbonyl group. The carbonyl group (C=O) is located between the second and third carbon atoms in the monosaccharide structure. Therefore, the carbonyl group is between the second and third carbon atoms from the left.

Next, let's count the number of carbon atoms. Starting from the carbon atom closest to the carbonyl group, count each carbon atom in the structure. In this case, there are five carbon atoms in the monosaccharide.

So, to name the given monosaccharide to indicate its carbonyl group and the number of carbon atoms, we can say it is a pentose with an aldehyde functional group (aldose). Therefore, the name of the monosaccharide is an aldopentose.

Note: In the carbohydrate nomenclature, the "o" in aldopentose indicates the presence of the aldehyde group, and "pent" refers to the five carbon atoms.